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埃及重脚兽

重脚兽
化石时期:晚始新世 - 早渐新世 36–27 Ma
齐氏重脚兽
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 哺乳纲 Mammalia
目: 重脚目 Embrithopoda
科: 重脚兽科 Arsinoitheriidae
属: 重脚兽属 Arsinoitherium
  • 齐氏重脚兽 A. zitteli Beadnell 1902
  • A. andrewsi Lankester 1903
  • A. giganteus Sanders et al. 2004

重脚兽Arsinoitherium)是已灭绝近蹄类,与蹄兔目有关。牠们外表像犀牛,是草食性动物,生存于3600-3000万年前始新世晚期至渐新世早期的热带雨林沼泽边缘。

外表及解剖

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重脚兽外表像犀牛,肩高约1.8米及长3米。牠们的特征是有一对从鼻端伸出巨型像刀的角,[1],及有另一对细小结节状的角在头顶,仅在大角的后面。虽然牠们的骨骼粗壮,但牠们是从适于行走的祖先演化而来,估计能够像象或犀牛般奔跑。[1]牠们的肢骨像象的,而非像犀牛。重脚兽有完整的44颗牙齿,是原始的胎盘动物齿列,这显示牠们是选择性食性的。由于牠们的体型较大及肌肉发达,并不容易被猎杀。但是,肉齿目亦可以猎食细小的年幼的重脚兽。

齐氏重脚兽。

命名

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重脚兽的学名是为纪念埃及托勒密二世的皇后阿尔西诺伊二世而取的,因为最初的化石是在其宫殿的废墟附近发现。这里发现的骨骼是唯一完整的。最著名的物种是齐氏重脚兽;第二个物种A. giganteum是于2003年在埃塞俄比亚发现,体型更大。这些化石可以追溯至2700万年前。

参考

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Alan Turner & Mauricio Anton. Evolving Eden, An Illustrated Guide to the Evolution of the African Large-Mammal Fauna. New York: Columbia University Press. 2004: p. 111. ISBN 0-231-11944-5. 

外部链接

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埃及重脚兽
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