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国际天球参考系

国际天球参考系International Celestial Reference SystemICRS)是国际天文学联合会(IAU)目前采用的天球参考系统标准。它的原点是太阳系质心,轴的指向在太空中是"固定的"。ICRS的内容大致与赤道座标系统协调一致:ICRS J2000.0的平均极点在12h的方向是17.3±0.2 mas,在18 h的方向是5.1±0.2 mas;在ICRS J2000.0的平均分点从ICRS赤经原点移动了78±10 mas(方向是大约环绕着极轴)。

国际天球参考系的外星系定义是参考国际天球参考架(目前是ICRF3)[1],基于数以百计分布在整个天空的系外星系电波源,主要是类星体。因为这些电波源的距离都非常遥远,以我们目前的技术可以视为是固定不动的;它们的位置是通过特长基线干涉测量法(VLBI)以最高的精确度测量得到的,大多数的位置都精确至0.001角秒或更好[2]。在光学波段上,国际天球参考系目前是使用伊巴谷参考架(HCRT,Hipparcos Celestial Reference Frame),这个基准是依巴谷星表中大约100,000颗恒星的子集团[3]。参考盖亚任务释放的资料(盖亚-CRF2)进行更精确的光学实现;盖亚太空船正在准备测量大约500,000个相信是类星体的系外天体位置[4][5]

相关条目

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参考资料

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  1. ^ The International Celestial Reference Frame (ICRF). www.iers.org. IERS. [16 April 2019]. (原始内容存档于2019-04-16). 
  2. ^ ICRS Narrative. U.S. Naval Observatory Astronomical Applications. [2012-06-07]. (原始内容存档于2011-07-09). 
  3. ^ International Celestial Reference System (ICRS). U S Naval Observatory, Astronomical Applications Department. [May 12, 2018]. (原始内容存档于2011-07-09). 
  4. ^ Gaia Collaboration; Mignard, F.; Klioner, S. A.; Lindegren, L.; Hernández, J.; Bastian, U.; Bombrun, A.; Hobbs, D.; Lammers, U.; Michalik, D.; Ramos-Lerate, M. Gaia Data Release 2: The celestial reference frame ( Gaia -CRF2). Astronomy & Astrophysics. 2018-08, 616. ISSN 0004-6361. arXiv:1804.09377可免费查阅. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201832916. 
  5. ^ Lindegren, L.; Hernández, J.; Bombrun, A.; Klioner, S.; Bastian, U.; Ramos-Lerate, M.; de Torres, A.; Steidelmüller, H.; Stephenson, C.; Hobbs, D.; Lammers, U. Gaia Data Release 2: The astrometric solution. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 2018-08, 616 [2022-11-13]. ISSN 0004-6361. arXiv:1804.09366可免费查阅. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201832727. (原始内容存档于2020-07-27). 

进阶读物

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  • Kovalevsky, Jean; Mueller, Ivan Istvan; Kołaczek, Barbara (1989) Reference Frames in Astronomy and Geophysics, Astrophysics and Space Science Library, Volume 154 Kluwer Academic Publishers ISBN 9780792301820

外部链接

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国际天球参考系
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