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嘉绒人

嘉绒人
总人口
约12万人
分布地区
 中国四川省阿坝州马尔康黑水理县汶川等县,甘孜州等地
语言
嘉绒语
宗教信仰
藏传佛教
相关族群
羌族藏族

嘉绒人藏语རྒྱལ་རོང་威利转写rgyal rong)是中华人民共和国的一个未识别民族。“嘉绒”为藏语“嘉摩察瓦荣”的简称,因位于大渡河流域[1]而得名,“察瓦荣”是藏语“炎热峡谷地带”的意思,是大渡河流域十八个小王国的总称,在西藏传统的卫藏、安多、康巴的划分中,一般划归安多,但其中的大泽多(康定)等地又划为康区,这主要是因为他们的语言是保存古藏语最多的,与康区和安多的方言都有联系但又不完全一致而造成。

中华人民共和国的行政区划中,嘉绒属于四川省阿坝藏族羌族自治州甘孜州

从民国年间起众多文献著述至1953年前都将其地民族称之为嘉绒族,1950年代初中央民族学院还专设了嘉绒族研究班,用拼音创制了嘉绒民族文字,将其该地民间故事,用该文字拼音写记,在马尔康、理县、金川一带嘉绒人中去念读,反映很好,比藏文译音准确易懂,该文字课本和昔日的译稿,今理县籍当年中央民院学生中还保存着。1954年才正式将“嘉绒族”识别归人为藏族中的,列为一支系至今[2]

嘉绒语属于汉藏语系藏缅语族嘉绒语支,被认为是汉藏语系内的活化石。

脚注

  1. ^ 藏语称大渡河为"嘉荣嘉摩额曲",见张怡孙主编的《汉藏大词典》,556页,中国民族出版社
  2. ^ 《嘉绒藏族民俗志》,李茂,李忠俊著,第44页

参见


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嘉绒人
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