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周廷弼 (实业家)

周廷弼(1852年—1923年)字舜卿江苏无锡人,中国清末民初民族资本家。[1]

生平

周廷弼于清朝咸丰二年(1852年)生于东埤小园里。其父为私塾教师,家庭贫苦。16岁时,周廷弼因家贫而随叔父周晓廷赴上海,在同乡丁明奎开办的利昌铁号充任学徒。他白天工作,晚上在夜校学习英语,经过几年学习,终于学会了英语口语。[1]

一天,周廷弼在马路上拾到一张1000元支票,失主为英商大明洋行大班帅初。周廷弼登门将该支票还给了帅初。帅初十分感谢他,便聘他担任大明洋行雇员。[1]

光绪四年(1878年),帅初交给周廷弼500两白银,在上海四川路桥附近开办升昌五金煤铁号,专门替大明洋行销售钢铁器材。不久,帅初回英国,周舜卿便将全部利润存入银行,自己分文未动。三年之后,帅初病逝,小帅初赴上海处理其遗产,发现这笔银行存款后,十分感激周廷弼,便将大部分存款赠与周廷弼。[1]

周廷弼获得这笔巨资后,便投资工商业。他在升昌号旁开办了震昌煤铁号,又在奉天牛庄湖北汉口以及家乡无锡先后创办了7个分号,在浙江温州开设同昌铁号。此后他在煤铁实业界成为巨擘,跃升为中国全国性的“煤铁大王”。[1]

光绪十八年(1892年),周廷弼在家乡东埤创办了裕昌祥茧行,并在无锡的城乡分别设立了数家分行,代怡和洋行收购蚕茧,并且扩大了出口业务。1895年,周廷弼见各地对铁锅的需求量大,便在上海南市创建了新昌冶坊,随后新昌冶坊和同乡胡德培开设的“源来冶坊”合并,成立了“新源来冶坊”,新源来冶坊名列江苏省的八大冶坊的首位。周廷弼和无锡的薛南溟合股在上海七浦路开办永泰丝厂,并和陆润庠合作在苏州开办苏经丝厂,又开办了苏纶纱厂。[1]

周廷弼的投资十分成功,获得丰厚利润,乃投资振兴家乡,在东埤筑路筑桥,兴办学校,开设店铺,使无锡东埤由农村变成了新兴集镇。光绪二十六年(1900年)起,此地成为周新镇。[1]

1914年第一次世界大战爆发后,在国际市场上中国的生丝供不应求。周廷弼随即收回丝厂,自主经营。由于业务猛增,缫丝车增至330台。周廷弼还增办了各类企业,如无锡金钩桥的慎昌丝厂、周新镇的筒管厂、大连的油厂,并且投资开发矿。[1]

1923年,周廷弼在无锡周新镇病逝,享年72岁。[1]

参考文献

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周廷弼 (实业家)
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