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及第

及第,亦称登第擢第登科。中国古代科举考试用语。

说文解字》:“及,逮也。”又:“第,次也。”“及第”意为科举考试应试中选,唐代时,各科及第的标准不同,及第只用于考中进士。科举考试及格被录取者,列榜榜上题名有甲乙次第,通称及第[1],不中者称落第。唐朝秀才“汉之取士,其射策中者谓之‘高第’”[2]。广义来说,科举考试被录取,即称为及第;狭义上讲,为所谓进士及第者。宋代殿试分甲取人,文科一二甲赐本科及第,武科状元武举及第。礼部试和殿试合格之人,通称及第举人、及第人。明清时殿试一甲,赐进士及第,即:状元、榜眼探花

参考资料

  1. ^ 旧唐书·宪宗本纪》
  2. ^ 宋朝高承《事物纪原·学校贡举》十六
  • 中国历史大辞典·上卷.上海辞书出版社.2000
  • 中国官制大辞典·下卷.黑龙江人民出版社.1992
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及第
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