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原巨颏虎属

原巨颏虎属
化石时期:中中新世至晚中新世
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 哺乳纲 Mammalia
目: 食肉目 Carnivora
科: 猫科 Felidae
演化级 假猫级 Pseudaelurus
亚科: 剑齿虎亚科 Machairodontinae
族: 剑齿虎族 Smilodontini
属: 原巨颏虎属 Promegantereon
Kretzoi, 1938
  • Promegantereon ogygia

原巨颏虎属学名Promegantereon)为已灭绝剑齿虎亚科演化支,生存于中新世时期的欧洲,为目前已知最古老的剑齿虎族之一,并被认为是巨颏虎斯剑虎的祖先。

描述

原巨颏虎为目前已知的真剑齿虎之一,化石主要发现于西班牙马德里Cerro de los Batallones英语Cerro de los Batallones组,于埃佩尔斯海姆也有发现零星的颅骨碎片。原巨颏虎肩高58厘米(23英寸),体型与相近。前肢的形状显示牠们可能是敏捷、擅长攀爬的物种,并能利用长而扁平的上犬齿猎杀大体型的猎物[1],与同时代的副剑齿虎十分类似,有时甚至会被归类为同一属。然而2002年由莎莉莎等人所做的研究显示,原巨颏虎的身体结构远较副剑齿虎原始,两者不应并为同一属[2]

古生态学

原巨颏虎偏好栖息于开放林地,并以该地的大型草食动物或其幼年个体为食,包括三趾马无角犀四棱齿象弱獠猪、甚至有可能包括部分西瓦鹿亚科英语Sivatheriinae蓝牛羚族英语Boselaphini物种。并与其他掠食者竞争,包括犬熊科马德里犬英语Magericyon短剑剑齿虎副剑齿虎印度熊英语Indarctos、及体型较小的原鼬鬣狗[2]

病理学

原巨颏虎的化石显示牠们具有相当高比例犬齿断裂的情况,这代表牠们的狩猎形式可能与现代猫一样,但在犬齿远长于门齿的情况下原巨颏虎的犬齿就相对容易受损[2]

参考文献

  1. ^ Turner, Alan. The Big Cats and their fossil relatives. New York: Columbia University Press. 1997: 60. ISBN 0-231-10228-3. 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Antón, Mauricio. Sabertooth. Bloomington, Indiana: University of Indiana Press. 2013: 52. ISBN 9780253010421. 
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原巨颏虎属
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