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人造纤维

人造纤维,又称化学纤维,简称化纤,指各式各样的化学合成纤维,属于塑料。包括但不限于聚酯尼龙Spandex等。

化学成分和构造

以物理力量把化学物质迫过小孔,形成极幼的纤维条。

人造纤维是经过化学方法所制成的纤维,通常可分为再生纤维、半合成纤维和合成纤维[1]

再生纤维常见的有嫘萦,是将纤维素经过化学药品处理成液体后,再经过纺嘴压抽成丝;醋酸纤维是将纤维素乙酸处理,生成再生纤维,其具有蚕丝一般光泽,及很好的吸水性,在稀酸稀碱溶液中安定,易于染色、洗濯、漂白,但较不易传热,耐张力较低,因此市售之衣类,以再生纤维与棉或合成纤维混合纺织,以弥补其缺点。

半合成纤维有二醋酸纤维和三醋酸纤维。

合成纤维常见的有尼龙

种类

再生纤维

半合成纤维

  • 二醋酸纤维(Cellulose diacetate)
  • 三醋酸纤维(Cellulose triacetate)

合成纤维

用途

参见

参考文献

  1. ^ 叶曾钦. 第一章:纖維之種類與性質 (PDF). 国立屏东科技大学. [2013-12-28]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2019-07-22). 
  • 中华民国国民中学教科书
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人造纤维
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