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勋等

勋等(日语:勲等くんとう Kuntou)是日本对功勋授予的等级。律令制度当时称为勋位勲位くんい Kuni),勋一等以下至勋十二等,共12等级。如同位阶勋等,依照位阶叙勋。

概要

勋位有相当的位阶,勋一等(相当于正三位)・勋二等(从三位)・勋三等(正四位)・勋四等(从四位)・勋五等(正五位)・勋六等(从五位)以上を敕授。勋七等(正六位)・勋八等(从六位)・勋九等(正七位)・勋十等(从七位)・勋十一等(正八位)・勋十二等(从八位)。平安时代中期以降,勋位事实上消灭。[1]

进入明治时代,1875年(明治8年),根据太政官布告,制定勋等,作为勋章的等级(勋一等至勋八等)。1876年(明治9年),制定大勋位,作为最上位的勋等。勋章的授予,会依相应的叙勋来授章。1890年(明治23年),制定金鵄勋章,在勋等之外,又创设功级,作为授予军人的等级。

战后,金鵄勋章废止,也停止通常的叙勋(对现职官吏等之叙勋)。昭和30年代,池田勇人内阁之时,勋章制度复活至今。

2003年(平成15年)以降,大勋位以外,以数字表现等级的勋等废止。

等级

勋位 勋等
勋一等 大勋位
勋二等 勋一等
勋三等 勋二等
勋四等 勋三等
勋五等 勋四等
勋六等 勋五等
勋七等 勋六等
勋八等 勋七等
勋九等 勋八等
勋十等
勋十一等
勋十二等

脚注

  1. ^ 十川阳一“地方における律令官人制の展开と受容”三田古代史研究会 编‘法制と社会の古代史’(庆应义塾大学出版会、2015年)ISBN 978-4-7664-2230-6

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勋等
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