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副交感神经

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副交感神经系统
自主神经系统,红色部分为交感神经,蓝色部分为副交感神经
标识字符
拉丁文Pars parasympathica divisionis autonomici systematis
缩写PSNS
MeSHD010275
TA98A14.3.02.001
TA26661
FMAFMA:9907
解剖学术语

副交感神经系统(英语:Parasympathetic system)是自律神经系统的两个部分其中之一,另一个部分是交感神经系统。(肠神经系统(ENS)现在通常被称为一个独立的系统,因为它有自己独立的反射活动。)自律神经系统负责调节身体的无意识行为,而副交感神经系统负责身体休息时的“休息和消化”或“进食和繁殖”等活动,包括性唤起流涎日语流涎,流泪,排尿,消化和排便。它的作用与交感神经系统的作用互补,交感神经系统则是负责刺激与战斗或逃跑反应相关的活动。

脑干脊髓发出神经纤维到器官旁或器官内的副交感神经节,再由此发出纤维分布到平滑肌心肌腺体,调节内脏器官的活动。副交感神经系统的神经纤维来自中枢神经系统。包括特定的脑神经如动眼神经、面神经、舌咽神经和迷走神经。骶骨中的三对脊神经(S2-4),通常称为骨盆内脏神经,也是副交感神经的一部分。 副交感神经的节前节后神经元的神经递质均为乙酰胆碱

副交感神经的主要功能是使瞳孔缩小、心跳减慢、心肌收缩力降低、小支气管平滑肌收缩、胃肠蠕动加强、括约肌松弛、唾液和泪液分泌增多、男性生殖器的勃起等。

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副交感神经
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