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八月之光.
《八月之光》(英语:Light in August)是美国作家威廉·福克纳的第七部长篇小说,完成于1932年2月19日。一个月后本·沃森看了该书的打印稿。他托沃森帮忙寻找能够分期连载该书的杂志,但失败了。[1]这是一部反思种族主义和清教主义的小说,剧情的叙述是按照向前的时序,但也时时插入倒叙。象征主义的手法在书中大量运用。
10月该书出版,《星期六论坛报》、《时代》、《纽约先驱论坛报》均刊登了正面的评论。詹姆斯·法雷尔在《纽约太阳报》上发表文章称该书“充满力度和驱动力”,英国评论家理查德·奥尔丁顿说“读者不会对作家的意图和情感产生丝毫的怀疑。他将自己投身于一个不同寻常的行为:批评自己所属的那个人群对于生活的基本假设。”吉恩·斯图尔特在《剑桥评论》上说“他描绘的是颓废而绝望的时代中的那些被扭曲的灵魂;这样的书对于我们、对于他的同代人,毫无疑问具有致命的效果。”[2]
主人公乔·克里斯默斯出生在孤儿院,父亲被具有强烈清教主义和种族主义思想的外祖父杀害,母亲也因外祖父的缘故而难产死去。长大后在孤儿院工作,因被怀疑有黑人血统被育婴管理员驱逐,被农场主收养后又受尽迫害。在杀害了无视他人格的情人乔安娜后,被凌虐至死。另一条主线讲述了农村姑娘莉娜去杰弗生找情人,然而遭到无情抛弃,最后在好心人帮助下回到家乡。[3]主人公乔的种族身份并不确定,只因为众人的怀疑就被社会所抛弃。作者由此揭露了种族主义偏见对人心的腐蚀,而客观的血统问题本身已不再重要。[4]这部小说看起来手法比较传统,因而一问世就得到评论界的好评,但也有论者指责其结构松散。除了继承以前作品的历史意识,还拥有更为宽广的视界,尤其是对种族问题的探讨达到了新的深度。[5]
参考资料
- ^ 杰伊·帕里尼著;吴海云译. 福克纳传. 北京市:中信出版社, 2007. 页149
- ^ 杰伊·帕里尼. 页155
- ^ 王长荣 1992,第245页 harvnb error: no target: CITEREF王长荣1992 (help)
- ^ 杨金才主撰 2002,第353页 harvnb error: no target: CITEREF杨金才主撰2002 (help)
- ^ 肖明翰 1997,第332-333页 harvnb error: no target: CITEREF肖明翰1997 (help)
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| 长篇小说 | |
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| 短篇小说 |
- 《幸运着陆》(1919)
- 《献给爱米丽的一朵玫瑰花》(1930)
- 《红叶》(1930)
- 《干旱的九月》(1931)
- 《花斑马》(1931)
- 《夕阳》(1931)
- 《山上的胜利》(1932)
- 《烧马棚》(1939)
- 《高大的人们》(1941)
- 《上帝的屋顶板》(1943)
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