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偏将军

偏将军在东汉至三国时代的官制中,与裨将军两者都为杂号将军。

来历

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偏将军官名始于春秋时代,在将军中的地位较低,多由校尉或裨将升迁,无定员,三国均置,属第五品。

地位见解

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名号意义应取自古时辅助主力军作战的侧翼军队的偏师将领,统领主军侧翼部队协助主军援护或御敌等作战,可别领一军协助主力军各项作战任务。

偏将军与裨将军的地位高低源自主帅授权封赐的将军位,主帅是重号将军时,可以因为战功或作战任务授予次于主营将军的军事权限,独领副军协助主帅各项作战任务,故偏将军与裨将军应隶属重号将军属下的外营武官上阶将领,偏将军可执掌征伐,裨将军可参赞军议。

位秩

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东汉武官仅将军中郎将校尉三级,故属武官之中上阶级,秩二千石,相当于太守,魏晋后为九品中正之五品官。周瑜由建威中郎将升为中护军赤壁之战后再升为偏将军(周瑜最后的武官衔)。赤壁之战后赵云拜领的官职亦为偏将军。吕蒙拿下荆州后封的也是偏将军。

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偏将军
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