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信心铭

信心铭》,禅宗著作,以颂偈体说明开悟的方法与境界。出自《景德传灯录》卷30,传统认为它的作者是禅宗三祖僧璨。《景德传灯录》中,有另一篇著作《心铭》,与信心铭内容相近,为牛头宗初祖法融所做。近代学者相信它是《信心铭》的姐妹篇,可能同是法融所作。

作者考证

最早认为《信心铭》为僧璨所做,为《百丈广录》,《景德传灯录》接受《百丈广录》的说法,以僧璨为《信心铭》作者。但更早的文献如《历代法宝记》、《宝林传》、《续高僧传》都没有提到僧璨作信心铭,《楞伽师资记》引用《续高僧传》,认为僧璨没有文字著作传世[1]

在《景德传灯录》卷30中,提出有《三祖僧璨大师信心铭》与《牛头山初祖法融禅师心铭》两篇。两篇的主题相近,内容相近,文句相近,因此近代学者怀疑此两篇著作的来源相同。

永明延寿作《宗镜录》中,以法融为信心铭的作者[2]。但在《宗镜录》引用的信心铭中,有部分文句是属于《心铭》。印顺法师认为,心铭与信心铭都是由法融所作,可能心铭是初传本,而信心铭为后人的精治本[3]

日本学者西谷启治柳田圣山日语柳田聖山认为是8世纪时的禅宗僧人,伪托僧璨之名所做。[4]

历史

百丈怀海禅师是禅宗里最早以《信心铭》来教授学徒的祖师,赵州禅师经常引“至道无难,唯嫌捡择”来接引学人。此后此书在历代一直受到重视。

注释

  1. ^ 《楞伽师资记》:“按续高僧传曰:可后粲禅师,隐思空山,萧然净坐,不出文记,秘不传法。”
  2. ^ 《宗镜录》:“所以融大师信心铭云。欲得心净。无心用功。”
  3. ^ 印顺《中国禅宗史》:“现存的‘心铭’与‘信心铭’,可说是姊妹篇。思想相近,所说的问题相近,类似的句子也不少;‘信心铭’要精练些。依延寿──江东所传,‘信心铭’有 不同的二本(即今‘心铭’与‘信心铭’),但都是牛头法融作的。这可能‘心铭’是初传本, ‘信心铭’是(后人)精治本。以‘信心铭’为三祖僧璨所作,只是江西方面洪州宗的传说。”
  4. ^ Faith Mind Inscription. Internet Sacred Text Archive. [2018-09-18]. (原始内容存档于2007-02-19). 
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信心铭
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