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五大老

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日语写法
日语原文五大老
假名ごたいろう
平文式罗马字Go-tairō
丰臣秀吉五大老联名书状。图中展示了五大老的花押,首排从左至右分别是上杉景胜、毛利辉元;次排从左至右依次是宇喜多秀家、前田利家、德川家康。注意:由于纸张折叠的关系,第二排的汉字需要反过来观看。

五大老丰臣政权末期制定的职务,担任者是丰臣家政权下六个有力的诸侯大名),但因为小早川隆景在丰臣秀吉过世前便病故,所以最后只有五人。

太政大臣丰臣秀吉希望自己过世之后,由这五个大名来辅佐他的幼子秀赖,原本想要以合议制度来防止德川家康的崛起,最后却因德川家康多次违反盟约,而使“五大老”变得有名无实。五大老这名称在秀吉生前并不存在,石田三成称自己为年寄家老),德川称石田等五人为奉行,直到秀吉逝世后,五大老、五奉行等名称才固定下来。在关原之战后,五大老之一的德川家康成为征夷大将军,并创立德川幕府。原五大老中的宇喜多家覆灭、上杉家毛利家臣服,五大老已不复存在,德川将军家独霸日本,并借由幕府,正式确立了德川家康的独裁统治。

五大老

已故的五大老

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五大老
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