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云南蜡染

云南苗族百褶裙上的蜡染技术,位于云南省博物馆

云南蜡染,是指中华人民共和国云南省大理地区土家族彝族白族纳西族苗族哈尼族的蜡染工艺。

特点

大理地区的蜡染多与刺绣相结合。题材多为鸡、猴、象等。而彝族、纳西族、苗族的蜡染题材也与民间故事有关,其中还有人物、孔雀、羊等[1]。做法是将蜂腊用腊刀蘸熔绘制花色于布匹上,在经染色脱腈而成。其色彩也一改最初的黑白两色,而改为多色作品,风格仍保留当地民族特点。苗族还蜡将染布用于衣裙和床单等,并增加红、黄、绿色等,使质感与工艺有所变换,其中最突出的是苗族百褶裙[2]。1973年,云南省工艺美术公司组织工厂化生产以苗族图案试制新产品。1980年, 成立昆明蜡染工艺美术厂,生产出“傣族双人舞”壁挂,获1982年轻工业部百花奖[3]

参考

  1. ^ 朱医乐. 染缬艺术创作与实践. 天津:天津人民美术出版社. 2017.05: 6–7. ISBN 978-7-5305-7967-1. 
  2. ^ 沈凤霞,符德民编著. 走向世界的中国文明丛书 蜡染. 重庆:西南师范大学出版社. 2015.07: 149–150. ISBN 978-7-5621-7465-3. 
  3. ^ 施之厚主编;《云南辞典》编辑委员会编辑. 云南辞典. 昆明:云南人民出版社. 1993.05: 306. ISBN 7-222-01264-8. 
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云南蜡染
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