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乡贤祠

新竹市孔庙乡贤祠
台南孔子庙乡贤祠

乡贤祠即祭祀乡贤的场所。乡贤,即出生在当地、学识或品行受人尊敬的人。据传说,周代时已经有在祠堂中祭祀乡贤的行为。宋代元代之后,乡贤祠渐渐与孔庙官学结合,成为庙学建筑群的一部分。明朝中期之后,祭祀乡贤的制度得到进一步的完善。[1] 在一些地方,这一传统至今仍延续着,

台湾

清代台湾乡贤人物只有五人,嘉庆年间首位乡贤王凤来入祀,新竹县郑崇和踵继其后;至光绪年间,新竹郑家的郑用锡郑用鉴嘉义县人士陈震曜入祀。其选拔过程经福建巡抚于公堂上公议明白后,将候选乡贤的职位、姓名、履历等生平资料如实上奏朝廷后批准。朝廷礼部覆文批准后进行册封乡贤仪式,仪式后入祀在籍地孔庙附设的乡贤祠。例如在台湾新竹市一位已故中学校长辛志平因推动教育发展有功,经政府审核通过后获准入祀于当地的乡贤祠,成为继王世杰、徐立鹏、郑崇和、郑用锡、郑用鉴、林占梅等六名前人以后的第七位入祀者。[2]

台湾通史》作者连横曰:士为四民之首。读书稽古,不能治国平天下,亦当乡里称善人。若其枉道曲文,顽嚚比周,则名教之贼也。台湾开辟以后,风淳俗美,士之出入庠序者,多硁硁自守。而祀于乡贤祠者五人,是则古之君子没而祭于社也。诗曰:‘有觉德行,四国顺之’;有以哉!

参考

  • 台湾通史/卷34.乡贤列传
  1. ^ 赵克生. 明代地方庙学中的乡贤祠与名宦祠. 中国社会科学院研究生院学报. 2005, (1). 
  2. ^ 前竹中校长辛志平入祀新竹孔庙乡贤祠. 中国评论通讯社. 2012-12-31 [2013-01-07]. (原始内容存档于2019-09-23). 页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆

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乡贤祠
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