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乌苌国

公元8世纪的南亚次大陆,图中标13者为乌仗那

乌苌国(梵文 Uddiyana, Udyāna),又译为乌场国乌仗那郁地引那乌金国乌迪亚纳,古代印度国名,地理位置相当于今日巴基斯坦西北边境省斯瓦特县

历史沿革

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最早见法显佛国记[1]。《洛阳伽蓝记》作乌场国[2],《大唐西域记》作乌仗那[3],《大唐西域求法高僧传》作乌长那[4],《往五天竺国传》作乌长国,国人自称“郁地引那”,佛法盛行[5]。乌苌国属北印度古国,在赊弥国之南,北连葱岭,南至天竺。气候和暖,盛产果林,引水灌田,产稻麦。北魏神龟元年宋云出使天竺,过乌苌国,曾晋见乌苌国王,并为国王讲述孔子老子庄子学说[6]。乌场国曾于永平三年、四年神龟元年,正光二年朝贡北魏[6]

晋代高僧法显、慧景、道整、慧达,唐代高僧玄奘慧超、道琳、玄照曾到访此国[4]

这国家以巫术与密教著名。时轮金刚续称佛陀在世在此传播密法。传说藏密祖师莲花生出身此国。

参考文献

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  1. ^ 法显佛国记
  2. ^ 洛阳伽蓝记》卷五
  3. ^ 玄奘大唐西域记》卷第三
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 道琳传,玄照法师传. 《大唐西域求法高僧传》. 
  5. ^ 慧超原著 张毅笺注《往五天竺国传笺注》中华书局 ISBN 7101020364
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 魏书

延伸阅读

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[在维基数据]

维基文库中的相关文本:钦定古今图书集成·方舆汇编·边裔典·乌苌部》,出自陈梦雷古今图书集成
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乌苌国
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