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世妇

世妇，原是商朝及周朝的一种世袭女官。后来成为天子妻妾的称号之一，又称为世妃，是一种妃嫔称号。

历史

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殷周时代，世妇原是一种世袭女官[1]。世妇掌管祭祀、宾客等礼仪[2]，极受国君尊重[3]。在周朝之后，这成为天子妻妾的称号之一。

北魏时期位视中大夫 。《礼记·昏义》中记载：“古者天子后立六宫，三夫人、九嫔、二十七世妃、八十一御妻。”

隋文帝以此为据，置世妃九人，掌宾客祭祀，后增为二十七人。隋炀帝改以婕妤十二人及美人、才人十五人，合称世妇，即二十七世妇。

注释

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  1. ^ 《礼记》曲礼下：“天子有后，有夫人，有世妇，有嫔，有妾。天子建天官，先六大，曰：大宰，大宗，大史，大祝，大士，大卜，典司六典。”郑玄注：“此盖殷时制也。”孔颖达疏：“此一节总论立男官女官之事。……记者之言，不可一依周礼，或可杂夏殷而言之。”
  2. ^ 《周礼》〈天官·冢宰〉：“世妇：掌祭祀、宾客、丧纪之事，帅女宫而濯摡，为粢盛。及祭之日，莅陈女宫之具，凡内羞之物。掌吊临于卿大夫之丧。”
  3. ^ 《礼记》曲礼下：“国君不名卿老、世妇，大夫不名世臣、侄娣，士不名家相、长妾。”

相关条目

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  1. 容华夫人：隋文帝宠妃，初入宫为世妇
  2. 冯世妇：北齐文宣帝之妃

参考

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  • 《礼记·昏义》
  • 《周礼·天官·冢宰》
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