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他莫昔芬

他莫昔芬
临床资料
商品名英语Drug nomenclatureNolvadex, Genox, Tamifen, others[1]
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa682414
怀孕分级
给药途径Oral
ATC码
法律规范状态
法律规范
药物动力学数据
血浆蛋白结合率99%
药物代谢肝脏 (CYP3A4, 2C9 and 2D6)
生物半衰期5-7 days[2]
排泄途径Faeces (65%), urine (9%)
识别信息
  • (Z)-2-[4-(1,2-diphenylbut-1-enyl)phenoxy]-N,N-dimethylethanamine
CAS号10540-29-1  checkY
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard英语CompTox Chemicals Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.031.004 编辑维基数据链接
化学信息
化学式C26H29NO
摩尔质量371.515 g/mol
563.638 g/mol (柠檬酸盐)
3D模型(JSmol英语JSmol
  • CN(C)CCOc1ccc(cc1)/C(c2ccccc2)=C(/CC)c3ccccc3
  • InChI=1S/C26H29NO/c1-4-25(21-11-7-5-8-12-21)26(22-13-9-6-10-14-22)23-15-17-24(18-16-23)28-20-19-27(2)3/h5-18H,4,19-20H2,1-3H3/b26-25- checkY
  • Key:NKANXQFJJICGDU-QPLCGJKRSA-N checkY

他莫昔芬INN:Tamoxifen),常见商品名Nolvadex(诺瓦得士),可用于治疗或预防乳癌[3],目前仍在研究本品对于其他癌症的效果[3]。本品可用来治疗 马-亚二氏症英语Albright syndrome。他莫昔芬治疗乳癌的疗程通常为每日口服,持续五年。[4]对于Estrogen receptor-positive的男性乳癌患者而言,标准的内分泌治疗是以他莫昔芬治疗 5-10 年,治疗时间的长短会因个人差异(如复发风险和副作用等)而有所不同。此外,转移性乳癌患者使用他莫昔芬辅助治疗后有较佳的生存率。[5]

严重副作用包含子宫癌中风、视力问题,以及肺栓塞。常见副作用包含乱经、体重减轻,以及潮热妊娠哺乳期间用药会伤害胎儿[4]。男性使用他莫昔芬的副作用可能包括静脉栓塞、白内障、性功能不全、情绪低落、睡眠障碍、潮红和腿部抽筋[5],使病患依照医嘱服用药物的意愿降低,所以未能完整治疗。[6]本品属于选择性雌激素受体调节物 (SERM),可减少乳房细胞的增生,并增加抑制乳腺的因子[4][7]。本品在化学结构上归为 三苯乙烯类化合物。[8]

他莫昔芬于1967年首次发现,并列名于 世界卫生组织基本药物标准清单,为基础公卫体系必备药物之一。本品属于通用名药物,在发展中国家每日剂量批发价约0.07至0.23美金。[9]在美国每日剂量约为2美金[10]

参考文献

[编辑]
  1. ^ NCI Drug Dictionary. [28 November 2015]. (原始内容存档于2015-12-08). 
  2. ^ Tamoxifen. Drugs.com. [2017-03-15]. (原始内容存档于2019-05-16). 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 Tamoxifen Citrate. NCI. August 26, 2015 [28 November 2015]. (原始内容存档于2016-01-04). 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Tamoxifen Citrate. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. [27 Nov 2015]. (原始内容存档于2017-09-09). 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 Sharon H. Giordano, M.D., M.P.H. Breast cancer in men. The New England Journal of Medicine. June 14, 2018: 2316 [2020-12-14]. (原始内容存档于2022-03-23). 
  6. ^ E. Wibowo; P. A. Pollock; N. Hollis; R. J. Wassersug. Tamoxifen in men: a review ofadverse events: 779. 2016-03-12. 
  7. ^ Selective estrogen receptor modulators. [28 November 2015]. (原始内容存档于2017-05-01). 
  8. ^ Dueñas-Díez, edited by Antonio Cano Sanchez, Joaquim Calaf i Alsina, José-Luis. Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators a New Brand of Multitarget Drugs. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. 2006: 52 [2017-03-15]. ISBN 9783540347422. (原始内容存档于2017-09-08). 
  9. ^ Tamoxifen Citrate. International Drug Price Indicator Guide. [28 November 2015]. (原始内容存档于2016-01-09). 
  10. ^ Jordan VC. Tamoxifen (ICI46,474) as a targeted therapy to treat and prevent breast cancer. British Journal of Pharmacology. Jan 2006,. 147 Suppl 1 (Suppl 1): S269–76. PMC 1760730可免费查阅. PMID 16402113. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0706399. 

外部链接

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他莫昔芬
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