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三甲基硅醇

三甲基硅醇
三甲基硅醇的结构式
三甲基硅醇的球棍模型
IUPAC名
Trimethylsilanol
系统名
三甲基硅醇
Trimethylsilanol
别名 Trimethylhydroxysilane
识别
CAS号 1066-40-6  checkY
PubChem 66110
ChemSpider 59498
SMILES
 
  • C[Si](C)(C)O
EINECS 213-914-1
MeSH Trimethylsilanol
性质
化学式 C3H10OSi
摩尔质量 90.2 g·mol−1
外观 无色液体
沸点 99 °C(372 K)
蒸气压 21 mbar(20 °C) [1]
相关物质
相关化学品 叔丁醇

硅烷醇英语Silanol

若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

三甲基硅醇TMS)是化学式为(CH3)3SiOH的有机化合物,中心的硅原子接着三个甲基及一个羟基,三甲基硅醇是无色易挥发的液体[2][3]

制备

[编辑]

三甲基硅醇是大气层中太空船的污染物,由硅基的材料降解所产生[4]。三甲基硅醇是聚二甲基硅氧烷水解后产生的挥发性产物(常常会用三甲基甲硅烷基为其终端基团):

(CH3)3SiO[Si(CH3)2O]nR + H2O → (CH3)3SiOH + HO[Si(CH3)2O]nR

三甲基硅醇和其他挥发性的硅氧烷是由于含硅的物质水解而产生,可能是清洁剂或是其他化妆品。

沼气垃圾填埋气英语landfill gasogas中会有痕量的三甲基硅醇及其他挥发性的硅氧烷,是因为硅氧树脂降解后而产生。这些物质在引擎中燃烧会形成颗粒状硅酸盐和微晶石英 ,会造成引擎的磨损,是在引擎中用这类气体会出现的问题[5]

三甲基硅醇会用来制作硅酸盐表面的疏水涂层,三甲基硅醇和会基质中的硅烷醇英语Silanol反应,因此在表面形成一个疏水的甲基基团涂层,像沙制玩具魔术沙就用了这样的原理。

参考资料

[编辑]
  1. ^ Grubb, W.T.; Osthoff, R.C.: Physical Properties of Organosilicon Compounds. II. Trimethylsilanol and Triethylsilanol in J. Am. Chem. Soc. 75 (1953) 2230–2232; doi:10.1021/ja01105a061.
  2. ^ Paul D. Lickiss: The Synthesis and Structure of Organosilanols, Advances in Inorganic Chemistry 1995, Volume 42, Pages 147–262, doi:10.1016/S0898-8838(08)60053-7.
  3. ^ Vadapalli Chandrasekhar, Ramamoorthy Boomishankar, Selvarajan Nagendran: Recent Developments in the Synthesis and Structure of Organosilanols, Chem. Rev. 2004, volume 104, pp 5847–5910, doi:10.1021/cr0306135.
  4. ^ Trimethylsilanol页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), Harold L. Kaplan, Martin E. Coleman, John T. James: Spacecraft Maximum Allowable Concentrations for Selected Airborne Contaminants, Volume 1 (1994).
  5. ^ http://epics.ecn.purdue.edu/bgi/Documents/Fall%25202009/Removal_of_Siloxanes_.pdf [失效链接]
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三甲基硅醇
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