三氯氧化钽
| 三氯氧化钽 | |
|---|---|
| |
| 英文名 | Tantalum oxytrichloride Tantalum trichloride oxide |
| 别名 | 氯氧化钽 |
| 识别 | |
| CAS号 | 13597-22-3 
|
| SMILES |
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| 性质 | |
| 化学式 | TaOCl3 |
| 摩尔质量 | 303.31 g·mol⁻¹ |
| 密度 | 3.66 g·cm−3[1] |
| 相关物质 | |
| 其他阴离子 | 三氟氧化钽 三溴氧化钽 |
| 其他阳离子 | 三氯氧化钒 三氯氧化铌 |
| 相关化学品 | 五氧化二钽 |
| 若非注明，所有数据均出自标准状态（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。 | |
三氯氧化钽是一种无机化合物，化学式为TaOCl3。它是钽的氯氧化物之一，其它已知的氯氧化钽还有TaO2Cl[2]和Ta3O7Cl[3]。
制备
[编辑]三氯氧化钽可由五氯化钽和五氧化二钽在高温下反应得到。[4][5]
- Ta2O5 + 3 TaCl5 ⇌ 5 TaOCl3
五氯化钽在氧气中加热（< 1000 °C），可以得到三氯氧化钽。[6]其它制法还有五氯化钽和一氧化二氯在四氯化碳中的反应、五氯化钽和三氧化二锑在氯气流中的反应：[1][7]
- TaCl5 + Cl2O → TaOCl3 + 2 Cl2
- 3 TaCl5 + Sb2O3 → 3 TaOCl3 + 2 SbCl3
性质
[编辑]三氯氧化钽在327 °C分解，生成TaCl5和TaO2Cl，后者氯氧化物在526 °C进一步分解，产生TaCl5和Ta2O5。[2]它和三丁基硼在80 °C开始反应，生成浅灰色的TaOB。[8]它可以在焦硫酸中转化为硫酸氢盐：[9]
- TaOCl3 + 3 H2S2O7 → TaO(HSO4)3 + 3 HSO3Cl
- TaOCl3 + 5 H2S2O7 → H[TaO(HSO4)4] + 3 HSO3Cl + H2S3O10
H[TaO(HSO4)4]与三氯氧化钽和氯磺酸反应生成的H[Ta(SO3Cl)4]一样，是非电解质。[10]
三氯氧化钽、五氯化钽、碲和四氯化碲在离子液体[BMIM]Cl中于190 °C反应，生成黑色的[Te8]2[Ta4O4Cl16]。[11]
三氯氧化钽可以和吡啶（py）形成加合物TaOCl3·1.5py。[1]
参考文献
[编辑]- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Dehnicke, Kurt. Tantalum oxychloride. Naturwissenschaften, 1965. 52 (3): 58. ISSN: 0028-1042.
- ^ 2.0 2.1 Morozov, A. I.; Karlova, E. V. Thermal stability of tantalum oxytrichloride and dioxychloride. Zhurnal Neorganicheskoi Khimii, 1969. 14 (7): 1741-1745. ISSN: 0044-457X.
- ^ Schaefer, Harald; Gerken, Rudolf; Zylka, Lothar. Oxidechlorides, -bromides, and -iodides of niobium and tantalum. Zeitschrift fuer Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, 1986. 534. 209-215. ISSN: 0044-2313.
- ^ Jenkins, W.A.; Cook, C.M. Tantalum oxychloride. Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry. 1959, 11 (2): 163–164. ISSN 0022-1902. doi:10.1016/0022-1902(59)80062-2.
- ^ Schafer, Harald; Sibbing, Engelbert. Chemistry of niobium and tantalum. XXV. The equilibrium Ta2O5 + 3TaCl5 (gas) = 5TaOCl3 (gas). Zeitschrift fuer Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, 1960. 305. 341-348. ISSN: 0044-2313.
- ^ Saeki, Yuzo; Matsushima, Tadahisa. Decomposition of niobium pentachloride and tantalum pentachloride with oxygen. Denko Kagaku, 1964. 32 (9): 667-671.
- ^ Morozov, I. S.; Morozov, A. I. Reaction of tantalum oxychloride with alkali metal and ammonium chlorides and thermal stability of tetrachlorooxytantalates. Zhurnal Neorganicheskoi Khimii, 1966. 11 (2): 335-341. ISSN: 0044-457X.
- ^ Fedneva, E. M.; Buslaev, Yu. A.; Alpatova, V. I. Reactions of tantalum pentachloride and oxychloride with tri-n-butylboron. Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Neorganicheskie Materialy, 1970. 6 (5): 893-896. ISSN: 0002-337X.
- ^ Bali, A; Malhotra, KC. Behaviour of some niobium(V), tantalum(V) and molybdenum(VI) compounds in disulphuric acid. Australian Journal of Chemistry. 1975, 28 (3): 481. ISSN 0004-9425. doi:10.1071/CH9750481.
- ^ Paul, R. C.; Kaur, Jaswinder; Konwer, D.; Puri, J. K. Solvolysis of various niobium(V), tantalum(V), molybdenum(V) and molybdenum(VI) compounds in chlorosulfuric acid. Indian Journal of Chemistry, Section A: Inorganic, Physical, Theoretical & Analytical, 1981. 20A (12): 1212-1214. ISSN: 0376-4710.
- ^ Freudenmann, Dominic; Feldmann, Claus. [Te8]2[Ta4O4Cl16]: A Two-dimensional Tellurium Polycation obtained via Ionic Liquid-Based Synthesis. Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie. 2011, 637 (11): 1481–1485. ISSN 0044-2313. doi:10.1002/zaac.201100143.
拓展阅读
[编辑]
- González-Blanco, Òscar; Branchadell, Vicenç; Monteyne, Kereen; Ziegler, Tom. Nature and Strength of Metal−Chalcogen Multiple Bonds in High Oxidation State Complexes. Inorganic Chemistry. 1998, 37 (8): 1744–1748. ISSN 0020-1669. doi:10.1021/ic970613l.
- Chiera, Nadine M.; Sato, Tetsuya K.; Tomitsuka, Tomohiro; Asai, Masato; Suzuki, Hayato; Tokoi, Katsuyuki; Toyoshima, Atsushi; Tsukada, Kazuaki; Nagame, Yuichiro. Formation and thermochemical properties of oxychlorides of niobium (Nb) and tantalum (Ta): Towards the gas-phase investigation of dubnium (Db) oxychloride. Inorganica Chimica Acta. 2019, 486: 361–366. ISSN 0020-1693. doi:10.1016/j.ica.2018.10.032.
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