For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for 丁鳜科.

丁鳜科

丁鳜科
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 辐鳍鱼纲 Actinopteri
目: 鲤形目 Cypriniformes
科: 丁鳜科 Tincidae
属: 丁鳜属 Tinca
Cuvier, 1816
种:
丁鳜科 T. tinca
二名法
Tinca tinca
Linnaeus, 1758)
异名
  • Cyprinus tinca
    'Linnaeus, 1758
  • Cyprinus tinca auratus
    Bloch, 1782
  • Cyprinus tincaauratus
    Bloch, 1782
  • Cyprinus tincaauratus
    Bloch, 1782
  • Cyprinus tincaurea
    Shaw, 1804
  • Cyprinus zeelt
    Lacepède, 1803
  • Tinca chrysitis
    Fitzinger, 1832
  • Tinca communis
    Swainson, 1839
  • Tinca italica
    Bonaparte, 1836

丁鳜学名Tinca tinca[1],又称欧洲丁鳜丁鱖须鱥,是一种分布于欧亚大陆(西起不列颠群岛,东至鄂毕河叶尼塞河,以至贝加尔湖,包括新疆北部额尔齐斯河流域[2]淡水半咸水鲤形目鱼类,是丁鳜属唯一一种[3]通常生活在水流缓慢的淡水中,特别是湖泊和河流下游。[4]

分类

本鱼在传统分类上被归类为雅罗鱼亚科(Leuciscinae),但近期的分类已将本鱼独立一科,即丁鳜科。[5][6]

型体

体班硕大,与鲤鱼相似。体高且侧扁,吻钝,口端位,橄榄绿色,背较深,腹接近金黄色。背鳍位于腹鳍基部后上方,胸鳍短,腹部无腹棱,尾鳍不分叉,其他鳍则呈圆形。[7]咀两角有各一条小触须。体长可达70公分,但多数体型就小得多。[8]眼小,橙红色。[3]两性异形不明显,除了雌鱼比雄鱼腹部更为凸出。[8]雄鱼腹鳍的外辐肋似乎也更粗壮扁平。[来源请求]

鳞细,且深藏于厚皮下,使其如鳗鱼光滑。西方相传有病的鱼以身体磨擦之皆可治愈,由此得到医生鱼的别名。[9]

生态

此鱼最常见于以黏土基底、植物丰富的平静水域,[7]少见于多石清澈的水域,而在快速流动的溪流里根本就不能发现其踪迹。能容忍含量低的水,[3]甚至是鲤鱼不能生存的水域。[7]

多于夜间觅食,以连根拔起的方法食用水底的藻类无脊椎动物[7]

产卵于浅水中的水生植物蕞中,绿色带黏性的卵依附在底部。[3]多于夏季产卵,[4]最多可达三十万颗。[9]幼鱼成长迅速,首年即可重达0.11公斤,即0.25磅。

金丁鳜

金丁鳜

金丁鳜是一种人工培养的丁鳜,是一种受欢迎的池塘观赏鱼。色调由浅金色至红色不等,有些鳍上和胁腹部有红黑斑点。虽然因为鳞小,因而与金鱼有相似之处,其金色色泽的后者颇为不同。[9]

经济价值

丁鳜是一种食用鱼,据说口感细嫩,是鲤鱼很好的代用品。[7]是淡水钓鱼的主要鱼种,也是鲈鱼等猎食性鱼类的饲料[3]丁鳜,特别是金丁鳜,也可养在池塘作观赏鱼,有时也养在水族箱中。[10]

钓法

大的丁鳜可于卵石坑或泥底、植物茂盛、水流缓慢的深水区发现。它们接受多种鱼饵,但进食速度缓慢,难以上钩。当用钓竿捕捉超过1公斤(2.2磅)重的鱼时,需要花不少气力与之搏斗。[9]

参考文献

  1. ^ 丁鳜 拼音dīng guì注音ㄉ一ㄥ¯ ㄍㄨㄟˋ
  2. ^ 李思忠. 中国淡水鱼类的分布区划. 科学出版社. 1981. 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (eds.) (2007). Tinca tinca. FishBase. Version 2007-05.
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 B. Whitton (1982). Rivers, Lakes and Marshes p 163. Hodder & Staughton, London.
  5. ^ Schönhuth, Susana; Vukić, Jasna; Šanda, Radek; Yang, Lei; Mayden, Richard L. Phylogenetic relationships and classification of the Holarctic family Leuciscidae (Cypriniformes: Cyprinoidei). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 2018-10-01, 127: 781–799. ISSN 1055-7903. PMID 29913311. S2CID 49292104. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2018.06.026 (英语). 
  6. ^ Order CYPRINIFORMES: Families LEPTOBARBIDAE, XENOCYPRIDIDAE and TINCIDAE. The ETYFish Project. 2018-10-17 [2020-11-27]. (原始内容存档于2022-02-01) (美国英语). 
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 A. F. Magri MacMahon (1946). Fishlore, pp 156-158. Pelican Books.
  8. ^ 8.0 8.1 G. Sterba (1962). Freshwater Fishes of the World pp 249-250. Vista Books, London.
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 A. Lawrence Wells (date unknown). Observer Book of Freshwater Fishes, pp 101-105. Frederick Warne & Co.
  10. ^ Dick Mills (2000). Understanding Coldwater Fish, p 106. Interpet Publishing. ISBN 1-903098-10-6
{{bottomLinkPreText}} {{bottomLinkText}}
丁鳜科
Listen to this article

This browser is not supported by Wikiwand :(
Wikiwand requires a browser with modern capabilities in order to provide you with the best reading experience.
Please download and use one of the following browsers:

This article was just edited, click to reload
This article has been deleted on Wikipedia (Why?)

Back to homepage

Please click Add in the dialog above
Please click Allow in the top-left corner,
then click Install Now in the dialog
Please click Open in the download dialog,
then click Install
Please click the "Downloads" icon in the Safari toolbar, open the first download in the list,
then click Install
{{::$root.activation.text}}

Install Wikiwand

Install on Chrome Install on Firefox
Don't forget to rate us

Tell your friends about Wikiwand!

Gmail Facebook Twitter Link

Enjoying Wikiwand?

Tell your friends and spread the love:
Share on Gmail Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Buffer

Our magic isn't perfect

You can help our automatic cover photo selection by reporting an unsuitable photo.

This photo is visually disturbing This photo is not a good choice

Thank you for helping!


Your input will affect cover photo selection, along with input from other users.

X

Get ready for Wikiwand 2.0 🎉! the new version arrives on September 1st! Don't want to wait?