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一词多义

一词多义是指一个词语能表达多种意义的现象,一词多义的词语会被称为多义词。一词多义的直接原因有时是词语具有歧义,有时则是词语的概念定义含糊。一词多义可能为使用者刻意营造或无意造成。

示例

小明走了一天了
“走”可解作“走路”,“离开一个地方”或“死亡”。
巴豆不可轻用
“轻用”可解作“使用低剂量”或“轻易使用”。
阿嬷,你要哪片音乐光碟?我烧给你。
“烧”可解作“烧录”或“烧给阿嬷”。
这样吃雪糕的话会很难吃。
“难吃”可解作“很困难(方法不对/效率比平常低)使自己能够进食雪糕”或“雪糕的味道不好”。

流行文化

2021年TVB电视剧《逆天奇案》第5集,饰演律师的蒋祖曼在法庭上向饰演警察证人的黄智贤发问问题,她的当事人在“下船”的时候被捕,为何明明“上船”会写错成“下船”呢?反被黄智贤设例指出一句“真是可怜,被抢白得哑口无言,真是好不可怜”此时“可怜”跟“好不可怜”表达各有不同,却有相同的意思,就是“觉得你可怜”的意思,令蒋祖曼感到非常尴尬。

多义词和同形词的区别

参见

  • 歧义句构:歧义的另一种可能原因。
  • 歧义谬误:可能因一词多义导致的谬误。
  • 自反意语:一词多义的一种特殊形式,表现为存在两个截然相反的意思。

外部链接

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一词多义
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