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禮薩汗

禮薩汗

禮薩汗 波斯語 رضا شاه پهلوی,姓巴列維氏伊朗馬贊德蘭人。誕於西元一八七八年三月十六日。

生平

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禮薩汗登基大典

王少家貧,從戎以為生。年十六,入波斯哥薩克騎兵旅,累功晉將軍。一九二一年二月,王以騎兵旅團長引軍圍宮禁,號為「兵諫」。既罷內閣、黜議會不附己者,自此遂專決。四月,授陸軍大臣。一九二三年十月,授宰相,王權擅天下,益有異謀。一九二五年十月,命議會廢國王艾哈邁德為庶人。十二月,即天子位於京師,百官上尊號曰「禮薩汗」。王初御極,國家疲弊多故,益憂之。由是議變法,詔羣臣修軍備、辦學校、除舊俗、興互市,改易幣制,收各省兵柄於朝廷,於是海內翕然稱治[][]歐洲戰釁起,諸國大戰,王詔嚴守中立。而英、蘇等國,數照會王與德絕交,王弗從之。一九四一年八月,英國合蘇俄入寇[]。九月,聯兵陷京師。王詔行內禪,傳位太子為嗣王。太子即位,王旋亡命海外。一九四四年七月廿六日,王薨於南非,年六十六。梓宮還,中外哀之,葬聖陵。

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禮薩汗
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