മഗ്നോലിയ

മഗ്നോലിയ
	Magnolia virginiana
ശാസ്ത്രീയ വർഗ്ഗീകരണം
കിങ്ഡം:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
Order:	Magnoliales
Family:	Magnoliaceae
Genus:	Magnolia
Type species
	Magnolia virginiana; L.
Subgenera
	Magnolia; Yulania; Gynopodium;

ഇംഗ്ലീഷ് വിലാസം

https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnolia

210 സ്പീഷീസുകളുള്ള മഗ്നോളിയേസീ കുടുംബത്തിലും മഗ്നോളിയേൽസ് നിരയിൽപ്പെട്ട സപുഷ്പികളുടെ ഒരു വലിയ ജീനസാണ് മഗ്നോലിയ. ഫ്രഞ്ച് സസ്യശാസ്ത്രജ്ഞനായ പിയറി മാഗ്നോളിന്റെ പേരിലാണ് ഇത് അറിയപ്പെടുന്നത്. മഗ്നോളിയ ഒരു പുരാതന ജനുസ്സാണ്. വണ്ടുകൾ വഴിയാണ് പൂക്കളിൽ പരാഗണം നടക്കുന്നത്. വണ്ടുകൾ പരാഗണം നടത്തുമ്പോൾ പൂക്കളുടെ കാർപെലുകൾക്ക് നാശം സംഭവിക്കാതെയിരിക്കാൻ മാഗ്നൊലിയ പൂവുകളുടെ കാർപെലുകൾ വളരെ പരുക്കനാണ്.

ഉപവിഭാഗത്തിന്റെ ഘടന താഴെ പറയുന്നു:

Subgenus Magnolia (8 sections)
- Magnolia
- Gwillimia (2 subsections)
  - Gwillimia
  - Blumiana
- Talauma (3 subsections)
  - Talauma
  - Dugandiodendron
  - Cubenses
- Manglietia
- Kmeria
- Rhytidospermum (2 subsections)
  - Rhytidospermum
  - Oyama
- Auriculata
- Macrophylla
Subgenus Yulania (2 sections)
- Yulania (2 subsections)
  - Yulania
  - Tulipastrum
- Michelia (4 subsections)
  - Michelia
  - Elmerrillia
  - Maingola
  - Aromadendron
Subgenus Gynopodium (2 sections)
- Gynopodium
- Manglietiastrum

ഉപജീനസ് മഗ്നോലിയ

പുഷ്പത്തിന്റെ മധ്യഭാഗത്ത് മുൻവശത്തേയ്ക്ക് കാഴ്ച ലഭിക്കുന്നവിധത്തിൽ വിഭജിച്ച് രണ്ടായി പിളർന്ന തുറന്ന കേസരങ്ങൾ കാണുന്നു. ഇലപൊഴിക്കുന്ന അല്ലെങ്കിൽ നിത്യഹരിത, സസ്യങ്ങളിൽ ഇലകൾ കൊഴിഞ്ഞതിനുശേഷം പൂക്കൾ ഉണ്ടാകുന്നു.

വിഭാഗംമഗ്നോലിയ

Magnolia grandiflora L. - (SE US)
Magnolia guatemalensis Donn. Sm. - (GUATEMALA, HONDURAS, EL SALVADOR)
- Magnolia guatemalensis ssp. guatemalensis (GUATEMALA)
- Magnolia guatemalensis ssp. hondurensis (Molina) Vazquez (HONDURAS, EL SALVADOR)
Magnolia iltisiana Vazquez (W MEXICO)
Magnolia pacifica Vazquez (W MEXICO)
- Magnolia pacifica ssp. pacifica (W MEXICO)
- Magnolia pacifica ssp. pugana Iltis & Vazquez (W MEXICO)
- Magnolia pacifica ssp. tarahumara Vazquez (W MEXICO)
Magnolia panamensis Vazquez & Iltis (PANAMA)
Magnolia poasana (Pittier) Dandy (COSTA RICA, PANAMA)
Magnolia schiedeana Schltdl. (E MEXICO)
Magnolia sharpii Meranda (CHIAPAS MEXICO)
Magnolia sororum Seibert (COSTA RICA, PANAMA)
- Magnolia sororum ssp. lutea Vazquez . (COSTA RICA, PANAMA)
- Magnolia sororum ssp. sororum (PANAMA)
Magnolia tamaulipana Vazquez - Mexican evergreen magnolia (NE MEXICO)
Magnolia virginiana L. (SE US)
Magnolia yoroconte Dandy (GUATEMALA, HONDURAS, BELIZE)

വിഭാഗംഗ്വിലിയാമിയ

ഉപവിഭാഗം ഗ്വിലിയാമിയ

Magnolia albosericea Chun & Tsoong. (HAINAN (CHINA))
Magnolia championii Benth (S & SE CHINA)
Magnolia coco (Lour.) DC. (SE CHINA)
Magnolia delavayi Franchet (YUNNAN (CHINA))
Magnolia fistulosa (Finet & Gagnep.) Dandy (SE YUNNAN (CHINA))
Magnolia henryi Dunn (YUNNAN (CHINA))
Magnolia nana Dandy (VIETNAM)
Magnolia odoratissima Law et Zhou (S CHINA)
Magnolia pterocarpa Roxb. (NEPAL, BURMA)

ഉപവിഭാഗം ബ്ലുമിയാന

Magnolia gigantifolia (Miq.) Noot. (BORNEO, SUMATRA)
Magnolia hodgsonii (Hook.f. & Thom.) H.Keng (NEPAL, BURMA)
Magnolia lasia Noot. (BORNEO)
Magnolia liliifera (L.) Baillon (SE ASIA, BORNEO, PHILIPPINES, SINGAPORE, SUMATRA)
- Magnolia liliifera var. angatensis (Blanco) Noot. (PHILIPPINES)
- Magnolia liliifera var. beccarii (Ridley) Noot. (BORNEO)
- Magnolia liliifera var. liliifera (SE ASIA)
- Magnolia liliifera var. obovata (Korth.) Govaerts (BORNEO)
- Magnolia liliifera var. singapurensis (Ridley) Noot. (SINGAPORE, SUMATRA)
Magnolia mariusjacobsia Noot. (BORNEO)
Magnolia persuaveolens Dandy (BORNEO)
- Magnolia persuaveolens ssp. persuaveolens (BORNEO)
- Magnolia persuaveolens ssp. rigida Noot. (BORNEO)
Magnolia sarawakensis (Agostini) Noot. (BORNEO)
Magnolia villosa (Miq.) H.Keng (SUMATRA, BORNEO)

വിഭാഗംതലൌമ

ഉപവിഭാഗം തലൌമ

Magnolia allenii Standl. (PANAMA)
Magnolia amazonica (Ducke) Govaerts (BRAZIL, PERU)
Magnolia arcabucoana (Lozano) Govaerts (COLOMBIA)
Magnolia bankardiorum M.O.Dillon & Sánchez Vega (PERU)
Magnolia boliviana (M.Nee) Govaerts (BOLIVIA)
Magnolia caricifragrans (Lozano) Govaerts (COLOMBIA)
Magnolia cespedesii (Triana & Planch) Govaerts (COLOMBIA)
Magnolia chocoensis (Lozano) Govaerts (COLOMBIA)
Magnolia dixonii (Little) Govaerts (ECUADOR)
Magnolia dodecapetala (Lam.) Govaerts (LESSER ANTILLES)
Magnolia espinalii (Lozano) Govaerts (COLOMBIA)
Magnolia georgii (Lozano) Govaerts (COLOMBIA)
Magnolia gilbertoi (Lozano) Govaerts (COLOMBIA)
Magnolia gloriensis (Pittier) Govaerts (CENTRAL AMERICA)
Magnolia hernandezii (Lozano) Govaerts (COLOMBIA)
Magnolia irwiniana (Lozano) Govaerts (BRAZIL)
Magnolia jardinensis M.Serna, C.Velásquez & Cogollo (COLOMBIA)
Magnolia katiorum (Lozano) Govaerts (COLOMBIA)
Magnolia lacandonica Vazquez-Garcia, Perez-Farrera, Martinez-Camilo, Muniz-Castro & Martinez-Melendez (MEXICO)
Magnolia manguillo Marcelo-Peña & F. Arroyo (PERU)
Magnolia mexicana DC. (MEXICO)
Magnolia minor (Urb.) Govaerts (CUBA)
Magnolia morii (Lozano) Govaerts (PANAMA)
Magnolia narinensis (Lozano) Govaerts (COLOMBIA)
Magnolia neillii (Lozano) Govaerts (ECUADOR)
Magnolia ovata (A.St.-Hil.) Spreng. (BRAZIL)
Magnolia polyhypsophylla (Lozano) Govaerts (COLOMBIA)
Magnolia quetzal Vazquez-Garcia, Veliz-Perez, Triboullier-Navas & Muniz-Castro (GUATEMALA)
Magnolia rimachii (Lozano) Govaerts (PERU, ECUADOR)
Magnolia sambuensis (Pittier) Govaerts (PANAMA, COLOMBIA)
Magnolia santanderiana (Lozano) Govaerts (COLOMBIA)
Magnolia sellowiana (A.St.-Hil.) Govaerts (BRAZIL)
Magnolia silvioi (Lozano) Govaerts (COLOMBIA)
Magnolia venezuelensis (Lozano) Govaerts (VENEZUELA)
Magnolia virolinensis (Lozano) Govaerts (COLOMBIA)
Magnolia wolfii (Lozano) Govaerts (COLOMBIA)

ഉപവിഭാഗം ഡുഗൻഡിയോഡെൻട്രോൺ

Magnolia argyrothricha (Lozano) Govaerts (COLOMBIA)
Magnolia calimaensis (Lozano) Govaerts (COLOMBIA)
Magnolia calophylla (Lozano) Govaerts (COLOMBIA)
Magnolia cararensis (Lozano) Govaerts (COLOMBIA)
Magnolia chimantensis Steyermark & Maguire - Chimanta magnolia (VENEZUELA)
Magnolia colombiana (Little) Govaerts (COLOMBIA)
Magnolia guatapensis (Lozano) Govaerts (COLOMBIA)
Magnolia jaenensis Marcelo-Peña (PERU)
Magnolia lenticellata (Lozano) Govaerts (COLOMBIA)
Magnolia magnifolia (Lozano) Govaerts (COLOMBIA)
Magnolia mahechae (Lozano) Govaerts (COLOMBIA)
Magnolia ptaritepuiana Steyermark - ptari-tepui magnolia (VENEZUELA)
Magnolia striatifolia Little (COLOMBIA, ECUADOR)
Magnolia urraoense (Lozano) Govaerts (COLOMBIA)
Magnolia yarumalense (Lozano) Govaerts (COLOMBIA)

സബ്സെക്ഷൻ ക്യുബൻസ്

Magnolia cacuminoides Bisse (CUBA)
Magnolia cristalensis Bisse (CUBA)
Magnolia cubensis Urb. (CUBA)
Magnolia domingensis Urb. (HAITI, DOM. REP.)
Magnolia ekmannii Urb. (HAITI)
Magnolia emarginata Urb. & Ekman (HAITI)
Magnolia hamorii Howard (DOM. REP.)
Magnolia pallescens Urb. & Ekman (DOM. REP.)
Magnolia portoricensis Bello (PUERTO RICO)
Magnolia splendens Urban (PUERTO RICO)

സെക്ഷൻ മംഗ്ലീഷ്യ

Magnolia aromatica (Dandy) V.S.Kumar (S CHINA)
Magnolia blaoensis (Gagnep.) Dandy (VIETNAM)
Magnolia blumei Prantl (SUMATRA, JAVA)
- Magnolia blumei var. blumei (SUMATRA, JAVA)
- Magnolia blumei var. sumatrana (Miq.) Figlar & Noot. (W SUMATRA)
Magnolia calophylloides Figlar & Noot. (W SUMATRA)
Magnolia caveana (Hook.f. & Thoms.) D.C.Raju & M.P.Nayer (ASSAM, N BURMA)
Magnolia chevalieri (Dandy) V.S.Kumar (VIETNAM, LAOS)
Magnolia conifera (Dandy) V.S.Kumar (SE CHINA, VIETNAM)
- Magnolia conifera var. chingii (Dandy) V.S.Kumar (SE CHINA)
- Magnolia conifera var. conifera (SE CHINA, VIETNAM)
Magnolia crassipes (Y.W.Law) V.S.Kumar (GUANGDONG (CHINA))
Magnolia dandyi (Gapnep.) Dandy (S CHINA, VIETNAM, LAOS)
Magnolia decidua (Q.Y.Zheng) V.S.Kumar (JIANGXI (CHINA))
Magnolia dolichogyna (Dandy ex Noot.) Figlar & Noot. (BORNEO, MALAY PENIN.)
Magnolia duclouxii Finet & Gagnep. (VIETNAM, SW CHINA)
Magnolia figlarii V.S.Kumar (SICHUAN (CHINA))
Magnolia fordiana (Oliv.) Hu (VIETNAM, S CHINA)
- Magnolia fordiana var. calcarea (X.H.Song) Chen & Noot. (GUIZHOU (CHINA))
- Magnolia fordiana var. fordiana (VIETNAM, S CHINA)
- Magnolia fordiana var. forrestii (W.W.Sm. Ex Dandy) Chen & Noot. (SW CHINA)
- Magnolia fordiana var. kwangtungensis (Merr.) Chen & Noot. (SE CHINA)
Magnolia garrettii (Craib) V.S.Kumar (SW CHINA, VIETNAM, THAILAND)
Magnolia grandis (Hu & W.C.Cheng) V.S.Kumar (YUNNAN (CHINA))
Magnolia hookeri Cubitt & W.W.Sm. (SW CHINA, N BURMA, THAILAND)
Magnolia insignis (Wall.) Blume (S CHINA, NEPAL, BURMA)
Magnolia lanuginosoides Figlar & Noot. (SUMATRA)
Magnolia lucida (B.L.Chen & S.C.Yang) V.S.Kumar (SW CHINA)
Magnolia megaphylla (Hu & W.C.Cheng) V.S.Kumar (YUNNAN (CHINA))
Magnolia moto (Dandy) V.S.Kumar (SE CHINA)
Magnolia obovalifolia (C.Y.Yu & Law) V.S.Kumar (YUNNAN (CHINA))
Magnolia ovoidea (H.T.Chang & B.L.Chen) V.S.Kumar (YUNNAN (CHINA))
Magnolia phuthoensis (Dandy ex Gapnep.) V.S.Kumar (VIETNAM)
Magnolia rufibarbata (Dandy) V.S.Kumar (VIETNAM)
Magnolia sabahensis (Dandy ex Noot.) Figlar & Noot. (BORNEO)
Magnolia tibetica V.S.Kumar (TIBET)
Magnolia utilis (Dandy) V.S.Kumar (N BURMA, THAILAND)
Magnolia ventii (N.V.Tiep) V.S.Kumar (YUNNAN (CHINA))
Magnolia yuyuanensis (Y.W.Law) V.S.Kumar (E CHINA)

സെക്ഷൻ കെമെരിയ

Magnolia duperreana Pierre (VIETNAM, CAMBODIA)
Magnolia kwangsiensis Figlar & Noot. (YUNNAN, GUANGXI (CHINA))
Magnolia thailandica Noot. & Chalermglin (THAILAND)

വിഭാഗം Rhytidospermum

ഉപവിഭാഗം Rhytidospermum

Magnolia obovata Thunb. (JAPAN)
Magnolia officinalis Rehd. & Wilson (W CHINA)
- Magnolia officinalis ssp. biloba Cheng & Law (E CHINA)
- Magnolia officinalis ssp. officinalis (E CHINA)
Magnolia rostrata W.W.Smith (SW CHINA)
Magnolia tripetala (L.) L. (SE US)

സബ്സെക്ഷൻ ഒയമ

Magnolia globosa Hook.f. & Thoms. (NEPAL, BURMA)
Magnolia sieboldii K.Koch (KOREA, E CHINA, JAPAN)
- Magnolia sieboldii ssp. japonica K.Ueda (JAPAN, CENTRAL CHINA)
- Magnolia sieboldii ssp. sieboldii (JAPAN)
- Magnolia sieboldii ssp. sinensis (Rehd. & Wilson) Spongberg (CENTRAL CHINA)
Magnolia wilsonii (Finet. & Gagnep.) Rehd. - Wilson's magnolia (SW CHINA)

സെക്ഷൻ ആരുക്കുലേറ്റ

Magnolia fraseri Walt. - Fraser magnolia or ear-leaved magnolia (SE US)
- Magnolia fraseri var. fraseri - Fraser magnolia or ear-leaved magnolia (SE US)
- Magnolia fraseri var. pyramidata (Bartram) Pampanini - pyramid magnolia (SE US)^{[notes 1]}

വിഭാഗം മാക്രോഫില്ല

Magnolia macrophylla Michx. (SE US, E MEXICO)
- Magnolia macrophylla var. ashei (Weatherby) D.Johnson (SE US)^{[notes 2]}
- Magnolia macrophylla var. dealbata (Zuccarini) D.Johnson (E MEXICO)^{[notes 3]}
- Magnolia macrophylla var. macrophylla (SE US)

ഉപജെനസ് യൂലാനിയ

Anthers open by splitting at the sides, deciduous, flowers mostly produced before leaves (except M. acuminata)

വിഭാഗം യൂലാനിയ

സബ്സെക്ഷൻ യൂലാനിയ

Magnolia amoena W.C.Cheng (E CHINA)
Magnolia biondii Pampan (E CHINA)
Magnolia campbellii Hook.f. & Thomson (W CHINA, HIMALAYAS, INDIA, NEPAL, ASSAM)
- Magnolia campbellii var. alba Treseder (HIMALAYAS)
- Magnolia campbellii var. campbellii . (HIMALAYAS)
- Magnolia campbellii var. mollicomata (W.W.Smith) F.Kingdon-Ward (W CHINA, HIMALAYAS)
Magnolia cylindrica Wilson (E CHINA)
Magnolia dawsoniana Rehd. & Wilson (SICHUAN (CHINA))
Magnolia denudata Desr. (E CHINA)
Magnolia kobus DC. (JAPAN, KOREA)
Magnolia liliiflora Desr. (C CHINA)
Magnolia salicifolia (Sieb. & Zucc.) Maxim. (JAPAN)
Magnolia sargentiana Rehd. & Wilson (W CHINA)
- Magnolia sargentiana var. robusta Rehd. & Wilson (SICHUAN (CHINA))
- Magnolia sargentiana var. sargentiana (W CHINA)
Magnolia sprengeri Pampan (SICHUAN (CHINA))
- Magnolia sprengeri var. elongata (Rehd. & Wilson) Johnstone (SICHUAN (CHINA))
- Magnolia sprengeri var. sprengeri (SICHUAN (CHINA))
Magnolia stellata (Sieb. & Zucc.) Maxim. (JAPAN)
Magnolia × soulangeana Thiéb.-Bern. (HYBRID ORIGIN)
Magnolia zenii Cheng (E CHINA)
Magnolia loebneri Paul Kache (JAPAN)

സബ്സെക്ഷൻ തുലിപസ്ത്രം

Magnolia acuminata (L.) L. (E NORTH AMERICA)
- Magnolia acuminata var. acuminata (E NORTH AMERICA)
- Magnolia acuminata var. subcordata (Spach) Dandy (SE US)

വിഭാഗം മെഷലിയ

സബ്സെക്ഷൻ മെഷലിയ

Magnolia × alba (DC.) Figlar & Noot. (HYBRID ORIGIN)
Magnolia angustioblonga (Law & Wu) Figlar (SW CHINA)
Magnolia baillonii Pierre (SW CHINA, VIETNAM)
Magnolia balansae A.DC. (S CHINA, VIETNAM)
Magnolia banghamii (Noot.) Figlar & Noot. (MALAYSIA, SUMATRA)
Magnolia braianensis (Gagnep.) Figlar (VIETNAM)
Magnolia cavaleriei (Finet & Gagnep.) Figlar (S CHINA)
Magnolia champaca (L.) Baillon ex Pierre (S INDIA, LESSER SUNDA IS., JAVA, MALAY PENIN.)
- Magnolia champaca var. champaca (S INDIA, LESSER SUNDA IS.)
- Magnolia champaca var. pubinervia (Blume) Figlar & Noot. (JAVA, MALAY PENIN.)
Magnolia chapensis (Dandy) Sima (S CHINA, N VIETNAM)
Magnolia compressa Maxim. (JAPAN, SW CHINA)
Magnolia coriacea (H.T.Chang & B.L.Chen) Figlar (SE YUNNAN (CHINA))
Magnolia dianica Sima & Figlar (SW CHINA)
Magnolia doltsopa (Buch.-Ham. Ex DC.) Figlar (SW CHINA, HIMALAYAS)
Magnolia elliptilimba (B.L.Chen & Noot.) Figlar (YUNNAN (CHINA))
Magnolia ernestii Figlar . (SICHUAN (CHINA))
- Magnolia ernestii ssp. ernestii (SICHUAN (CHINA))
- Magnolia ernestii ssp. szechuanica (Dandy) Sima & Figlar (SICHUAN (CHINA))
Magnolia figo (Lour.) DC. (SE CHINA)
- Magnolia figo var. crassipes (Law) Figlar & Noot. (SE CHINA)
- Magnolia figo var. figo . (SE CHINA)
- Magnolia figo var. skinneriana ined. (SE CHINA)
Magnolia flaviflora (Law & Wu) Figlar (VIETNAM, SW CHINA)
Magnolia floribunda (Finet & Gagnep.) Figlar . (S CHINA, VIETNAM)
Magnolia foveolata (Merr. Ex Dandy) Figlar (S CHINA, VIETNAM)
Magnolia fujianensis (Q.F.Zheng) Figlar (SE CHINA)
Magnolia fulva (H.T.Chang & B.L.Chen) Figlar (YUNNAN (CHINA), VIET.?)
- Magnolia fulva var. calcicola Sima & Yu (YUNNAN (CHINA))
- Magnolia fulva var. fulva . (YUNNAN (CHINA))
Magnolia guangxiensis (Law & R.Z.Zhou) Sima (GUANGXI (CHINA))
Magnolia hypolampra (Dandy) Figlar (S CHINA, VIETNAM)
Magnolia ingrata (B.L.Chen & S.C.Lang) Figlar (YUNNAN (CHINA))
Magnolia jiangxiensis (H.T.Chang & B.L.Chen) Figlar (JIANGXI (CHINA))
Magnolia kingii (Dandy) Figlar (BANGLADESH, ASSAM)
Magnolia kisopa (Bush.-Ham. ex DC.) Figlar (VIETNAM, NEPAL)
Magnolia koordersiana (Noot.) Figlar (MALAYSIA, W SUMATRA)
Magnolia lacei (W.W.Smith) Figlar (SW CHINA, VIETNAM)
Magnolia lanuginosa (Wall.) Figlar & Noot. (YUNNAN (CHINA), NEPAL)
Magnolia leveilleana (Dandy) Figlar (SW CHINA)
Magnolia macclurei (Dandy) Figlar (S CHINA, N VIETNAM)
- Magnolia macclurei var. macclurei . (S CHINA, N VIETNAM)
- Magnolia macclurei var. sublanea Dandy (GUANGDONG (CHINA))
Magnolia mannii (King) King (ASSAM)
Magnolia martinii H.Lev. (SE CHINA, VIETNAM)
Magnolia masticata (Dandy) Figlar (YUNNAN (CHINA), LAOS)
Magnolia maudiae (Dunn) Figlar (SE CHINA, HAINAN IS.)
- Magnolia maudiae var. hunanensis (C.L.Peng & L.H.Yan) Sima (HUNAN (CHINA))
- Magnolia maudiae var. maudiae (SE CHINA, HAINAN IS.)
- Magnolia maudiae var. platypetala (Hand.-Mazz.) Sima (S-CENTRAL CHINA)
Magnolia mediocris (Dandy) Figlar (S CHINA, VIETNAM)
Magnolia microcarpa (B.L.Chen & S.C.Yang) Sima (S CHINA)
Magnolia microtricha (Hand.-Mazz.) Figlar. (YUNNAN (CHINA))
Magnolia montana (Blume) Figlar & Noot. (MALAYSIA to BORNEO)
Magnolia nilagirica (Zenker) Figlar (S INDIA, SRI LANKA)
Magnolia oblonga (Wall. Ex Hook.f. & Thomson) Figlar . (ASSAM)
Magnolia odora (Chun) Figlar & Noot. (SE CHINA, N VIETNAM)
Magnolia opipara (H.T.Chang & B.L.Chen) Sima (YUNNAN (CHINA))
Magnolia philippinensis P.Pharm (PHILIPPINES)
Magnolia punduana (Hook.f. & Thoms.) Figlar (ASSAM)
Magnolia rajaniana (Craib.) Figlar . (THAILAND)
Magnolia scortechinii (King) Figlar & Noot. (MALAY PENIN., W SUMATRA)
Magnolia shiluensis (Chun & Y.F.Wu) Figlar (HAINAN IS.)
Magnolia sirindhorniae Noot. & Chalermglin (THAILAND)
Magnolia sphaerantha (C.Y.Wu ex Z.S.Yue) Sima (SW CHINA)
Magnolia subulifera (Dandy) Figlar (VIETNAM)
Magnolia sumatrae (Dandy) Figlar & Noot. (MALAYSIA, SUMATRA)
Magnolia xanthantha (C.Y.Wu ex Law & Y.F.Wu) Figlar (YUNNAN (CHINA))

സബ്സെക്ഷൻ എൽമെറില്ലിയ

Magnolia platyphylla (Merr.) Figlar & Noot. (PHILIPPINES)^[1]
Magnolia pubescens (Merr.) Figlar & Noot. (PHILIPPINES)^[2]
Magnolia sulawesiana Brambach, Noot. & Culmsee (SULAWESI)^[3]
Magnolia tsiampacca (L.) Figlar & Noot. (SUMATRA, BORNEO, SULAWESI, MOLUCCAS, NEW GUINEA, BISMARCK ARCHIPELAGO)^[4]
- Magnolia tsiampacca ssp. mollis (Dandy) Figlar & Noot. (SUMATRA, BORNEO)^[5]
- Magnolia tsiampacca ssp. tsiampacca (SULAWESI, MOLUCCAS, NEW GUINEA, BISMARCK ARCHIPELAGO)^[6]
  - Magnolia tsiampacca ssp. tsiampacca var. glaberrima (Dandy) Figlar & Noot. (NEW GUINEA)^[7]
  - Magnolia tsiampacca ssp. tsiampacca var. tsiampacca (SULAWESI, MOLUCCAS, NEW GUINEA, BISMARCK ARCHIPELAGO)
Magnolia vrieseana (Miq.) Baill. ex Pierre (SULAWESI, MOLUCCAS)^[8]

സബ്സെക്ഷൻ മെയിൻഗോല

Magnolia annamensis Dandy (VIETNAM)
Magnolia carsonii Dandy ex Noot. (BORNEO, CELEBES)
- Magnolia carsonii var. carsonii (BORNEO)
- Magnolia carsonii var. drymifolia Noot. (BORNEO)
- Magnolia carsonii var. phaulanta (Dandy ex Noot.) S.Kim (CELEBES)
Magnolia cathcartii (Hook.f. & Thoms.) Noot. (SW CHINA, BURMA)
Magnolia griffithii King (INDIA, ASSAM)
Magnolia gustavii King (INDIA, ASSAM)
Magnolia macklottii (Korth.) Dandy (W JAVA, BORNEO, SUMATRA)
- Magnolia macklottii var. beccariana (Agostini) Noot. (SUMATRA)
- Magnolia macklottii var. macklottii (W JAVA, BORNEO)
Magnolia pealiana King (ASSAM)

സബ്സെക്ഷൻ ആരൊമഡെഡ്രോൺ

Magnolia ashtonii Dandy ex. Noot. (SUMATRA, BORNEO)
Magnolia bintuluensis (Agostini) Noot. (SUMATRA, BORNEO)
Magnolia borneensis Noot. (BORNEO, PHILIPPINES)
Magnolia elegans (Blume) Keng (SUMATRA, JAVA)
Magnolia pahangensis Noot. (BORNEO, PHILIPPINES)

സബ്ജീനസ് ഗൈനോപോഡിയം

വിഭാഗംഗൈനോപോഡിയം

Magnolia kachirachirai (Kanehira & Yamamoto) Dandy (TAIWAN)
Magnolia lotungensis Chun & Tsoon (S CHINA)
Magnolia nitida W.W.Smith (NW YUNNAN (CHINA))
Magnolia omeiensis (Hu & Cheng) Dandy (SICHUAN (CHINA))
Magnolia yunnanensis (Hu) Noot. . (SE YUNNAN (CHINA))

വിഭാഗംManglietiastrum

Magnolia pleiocarpa (Dandy) Figlar & Noot. (ASSAM)
Magnolia praecalva (Dandy) Figlar & Noot. (VIETNAM, MALAY PENIN.)
Magnolia sinica (Law) Noot. (SE YUNNAN (CHINA))

അവലംബം

↑ WCSP. "Magnolia platyphylla in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet. Retrieved 7 August 2015.^{[പ്രവർത്തിക്കാത്ത കണ്ണി]}
↑ WCSP. "Magnolia pubescens in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet. Retrieved 7 August 2015.^{[പ്രവർത്തിക്കാത്ത കണ്ണി]}
↑ Brambach, F.; Nooteboom, H.P.; Culmsee, H. (2013). "Magnolia sulawesiana described, and a key to the species of Magnolia (Magnoliaceae) occurring in Sulawesi". Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants. 58 (3): 271–276. doi:10.3767/000651913X676817.
↑ WCSP. "Magnolia tsiampacca in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet. Retrieved 7 August 2015.^{[പ്രവർത്തിക്കാത്ത കണ്ണി]}
↑ WCSP. "Magnolia tsiampacca ssp. mollis in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet. Retrieved 7 August 2015.^{[പ്രവർത്തിക്കാത്ത കണ്ണി]}
↑ WCSP. "Magnolia tsiampacca ssp. tsiampacca in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet. Retrieved 7 August 2015.^{[പ്രവർത്തിക്കാത്ത കണ്ണി]}
↑ WCSP. "Magnolia tsiampacca ssp. tsiampacca var. glaberrima in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet. Retrieved 7 August 2015.^{[പ്രവർത്തിക്കാത്ത കണ്ണി]}
↑ WCSP. "Magnolia vrieseana in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet. Retrieved 7 August 2015.^{[പ്രവർത്തിക്കാത്ത കണ്ണി]}

ഗ്രന്ഥസൂചിക

Johnstone, G.H. (1955). Asiatic Magnolias in cultivation. London, The Royal Horticultural Society.
R. N. KAPIL and N. N. BHANDARI. (1964) MORPHOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY OF MAGNOLIA DILL. ex LINN. Proc. Nat. Inst. Sci. India 30, 245-262
Callaway, D.J. (1994). The World of Magnolias. Portland, Oregon, Timber Press. ISBN 0-88192-236-6
Hunt, D. (ed). (1998). Magnolias and Their Allies. International Dendrology Society & Magnolia Society. ISBN 0-9517234-8-0
Law, Y.W. (= Liu, Y.H.) (2004). Magnolias of China. Hong-Kong, Beijing Science & Technology Press. ISBN 7-5304-2765-2
Leonard B. Thien. Floral Biology of Magnolia. American Journal of Botany Vol. 61, No. 10 (Nov. - Dec., 1974), pp. 1037-1045
Treseder, N.G. (1978). Magnolias. London/Boston, Faber & Faber. ISBN 0-571-09619-0
Cicuzza, D., Newton, A. and Oldfield, S. 2007. The Red List of Magnoliaceae Fauna & Flora International and Botanic Gardens Conservation International report
F. Xu, P. J. Rudall. Comparative floral anatomy and ontogeny in Magnoliaceae. Plant Systematics and Evolution April 2006, Volume 258, Issue 1-2, pp 1-15

പുറം കണ്ണികൾ

Caerhays Castle Garden (UK), holders of the NCCPG National Magnolia Collection
Conserving threatened Magnolia species Archived 2016-03-10 at the Wayback Machine. Background information, reports, images and related articles on the Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI) website
Magnolia Society
"Magnolias Threatened by Logging, Development" from National Public Radio
Selecting Trees for your Home – Magnolia Trees Archived 2020-04-10 at the Wayback Machine. University of Illinois Extension
"Magnolia" . എൻസൈക്ലോപീഡിയ ബ്രിട്ടാനിക്ക (11th ed.). 1911.

കുറിപ്പുകൾ

↑ Often treated as a distinct species, Magnolia pyramidata.
↑ Often treated as a distinct species, Magnolia ashei.
↑ Often treated as a distinct species, Magnolia dealbata.

വർഗ്ഗങ്ങൾ

[4] WCSP. "Magnolia platyphylla in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet. Retrieved 7 August 2015.^{[പ്രവർത്തിക്കാത്ത കണ്ണി]}

[5] WCSP. "Magnolia pubescens in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet. Retrieved 7 August 2015.^{[പ്രവർത്തിക്കാത്ത കണ്ണി]}

[6] Brambach, F.; Nooteboom, H.P.; Culmsee, H. (2013). "Magnolia sulawesiana described, and a key to the species of Magnolia (Magnoliaceae) occurring in Sulawesi". Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants. 58 (3): 271–276. doi:10.3767/000651913X676817.

[7] WCSP. "Magnolia tsiampacca in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet. Retrieved 7 August 2015.^{[പ്രവർത്തിക്കാത്ത കണ്ണി]}

[8] WCSP. "Magnolia tsiampacca ssp. mollis in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet. Retrieved 7 August 2015.^{[പ്രവർത്തിക്കാത്ത കണ്ണി]}

[9] WCSP. "Magnolia tsiampacca ssp. tsiampacca in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet. Retrieved 7 August 2015.^{[പ്രവർത്തിക്കാത്ത കണ്ണി]}

[10] WCSP. "Magnolia tsiampacca ssp. tsiampacca var. glaberrima in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet. Retrieved 7 August 2015.^{[പ്രവർത്തിക്കാത്ത കണ്ണി]}

[11] WCSP. "Magnolia vrieseana in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet. Retrieved 7 August 2015.^{[പ്രവർത്തിക്കാത്ത കണ്ണി]}

[1] Often treated as a distinct species, Magnolia pyramidata.

[2] Often treated as a distinct species, Magnolia ashei.

[3] Often treated as a distinct species, Magnolia dealbata.

[notes 1]

[notes 2]

[notes 3]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

മഗ്നോലിയ

Magnolia virginiana
ശാസ്ത്രീയ വർഗ്ഗീകരണം
കിങ്ഡം:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
Order:	Magnoliales
Family:	Magnoliaceae
Genus:	Magnolia
Type species
Magnolia virginiana L.
Subgenera
Magnolia Yulania Gynopodium