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金の同位体

(Au) は1種の安定同位体197Au)と、35種の放射性同位体を持つ。 最も安定な放射性同位体は半減期が186日の195Auである。

金は核兵器の加塩材料として提案されている(コバルトが有名)。自然金の被覆は熱核兵器由来の強烈な高エネルギー中性子束による照射を受けると、約0.411 MeVガンマ放射を生ずる半減期が2.697日の放射性同位体198Auに変化するため、数日に渡って核兵器の放射性降下物放射能を増加させる。しかし、このような兵器が作られたりテストされたり、また使われたりしたことは知られていない[1]

標準原子量: 196.966569(4) u

一覧

[編集]
同位体核種 Z(p) N(n) 同位体質量 (u) 半減期 核スピン数 天然存在比
励起エネルギー
169Au 79 90 168.99808(32)# 150# µs 1/2+#
170Au 79 91 169.99612(22)# 310(50) µs [286(+50-40) µs] (2-)
170mAu 275(14) keV 630(60) µs [0.62(+6-5) ms] (9+)
171Au 79 92 170.991879(28) 17 µs (1/2+)
171mAu 250(16) keV 1.014(19) ms 11/2-
172Au 79 93 171.99004(17)# 6.3 ms high
173Au 79 94 172.986237(28) 20 ms (1/2+)
173mAu 214(23) keV 12 ms (11/2-)
174Au 79 95 173.98476(11)# 120 ms low
174mAu 360(70)# keV 171(29) ms high
175Au 79 96 174.98127(5) 185 ms 1/2+#
175mAu 200(30)# keV 156(3) ms 11/2-#
176Au 79 97 175.98010(11)# 1.08(17) s [0.84(+17-14) s] (5-)
176mAu 150(100)# keV 860(160) ms (7+)
177Au 79 98 176.976865(14) 1.462(32) s (1/2+,3/2+)
177mAu 216(26) keV 1.180(12) s 11/2-
178Au 79 99 177.97603(6) 2.6(5) s
179Au 79 100 178.973213(18) 3.3 s 5/2-#
179mAu 99(16) keV (11/2-)
180Au 79 101 179.972521(23) 8.1(3) s
181Au 79 102 180.970079(21) 13.7(14) s (3/2-)
182Au 79 103 181.969618(22) 15.5(5) s (2+)
183Au 79 104 182.967593(11) 42.8(10) s (5/2)-
183m1Au 73.3(4) keV >1 µs (1/2)+
183m2Au 230.6(6) keV <1 µs (11/2)-
184Au 79 105 183.967452(24) 20.6(9) s 5+
184mAu 68.46(1) keV 47.6(14) s 2+
185Au 79 106 184.965789(28) 4.25(6) min 5/2-
185mAu 100(100)# keV 6.8(3) min 1/2+#
186Au 79 107 185.965953(23) 10.7(5) min 3-
186mAu 227.77(7) keV 110(10) ns 2+
187Au 79 108 186.964568(27) 8.4(3) min 1/2+
187mAu 120.51(16) keV 2.3(1) s 9/2-
188Au 79 109 187.965324(22) 8.84(6) min 1(-)
189Au 79 110 188.963948(22) 28.7(3) min 1/2+
189m1Au 247.23(16) keV 4.59(11) min 11/2-
189m2Au 325.11(16) keV 190(15) ns 9/2-
189m3Au 2554.7(12) keV 242(10) ns 31/2+
190Au 79 111 189.964700(17) 42.8(10) min 1-
190mAu 200(150)# keV 125(20) ms 11-#
191Au 79 112 190.96370(4) 3.18(8) h 3/2+
191m1Au 266.2(5) keV 920(110) ms (11/2-)
191m2Au 2490(1) keV >400 ns
192Au 79 113 191.964813(17) 4.94(9) h 1-
192m1Au 135.41(25) keV 29 ms (5#)+
192m2Au 431.6(5) keV 160(20) ms (11-)
193Au 79 114 192.964150(11) 17.65(15) h 3/2+
193m1Au 290.19(3) keV 3.9(3) s 11/2-
193m2Au 2486.5(6) keV 150(50) ns (31/2+)
194Au 79 115 193.965365(11) 38.02(10) h 1-
194m1Au 107.4(5) keV 600(8) ms (5+)
194m2Au 475.8(6) keV 420(10) ms (11-)
195Au 79 116 194.9650346(14) 186.098(47) d 3/2+
195mAu 318.58(4) keV 30.5(2) s 11/2-
196Au 79 117 195.966570(3) 6.1669(6) d 2-
196m1Au 84.660(20) keV 8.1(2) s 5+
196m2Au 595.66(4) keV 9.6(1) h 12-
197Au 79 118 196.9665687(6) STABLE 3/2+ 1.0000
197mAu 409.15(8) keV 7.73(6) s 11/2-
198Au 79 119 197.9682423(6) 2.69517(21) d 2-
198m1Au 312.2200(20) keV 124(4) ns 5+
198m2Au 811.7(15) keV 2.27(2) d (12-)
199Au 79 120 198.9687652(6) 3.139(7) d 3/2+
199mAu 548.9368(21) keV 440(30) µs (11/2)-
200Au 79 121 199.97073(5) 48.4(3) min 1(-)
200mAu 970(70) keV 18.7(5) h 12-
201Au 79 122 200.971657(3) 26(1) min 3/2+
202Au 79 123 201.97381(18) 28.8(19) s (1-)
203Au 79 124 202.975155(3) 53(2) s 3/2+
204Au 79 125 203.97772(22)# 39.8(9) s (2-)
205Au 79 126 204.97987(32)# 31(2) s 3/2+

脚注

[編集]
  1. ^ Win, David Tin; Masum, Md. Al (2003). Weapons of Mass Destruction. 6. pp. 199–219. http://www.journal.au.edu/au_techno/2003/apr2003/aujt6-4_article07.pdf. 

参考文献

[編集]
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金の同位体
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