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Kimia fisik

Fragmen naskah M. Lomonosov "Kimia Fisika". 1752

Kimia fisik adalah ilmu yang mempelajari fenomena makroskopik, mikroskopik, atom, subatom dan partikel dalam sistem dan proses kimia berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip dan konsep-konsep fisika, dengan bidang khusus a.l. termodinamika kimia, kimia kuantum, dan kinetika. Kimia Fisik banyak menggunakan konsep-konsep dan prinsip Fisika Klasik (seperti energi, entropi, suhu, tekanan, tegangan permukaan, viskositas, hukum Coulomb, interaksi dipol), Fisika Kuantum (seperti foton, bilangan kuantum, spin, kebolehjadian, prinsip ketakpastian), maupun Mekanika Statistik (seperti fungsi partisi, distribusi Boltzmann). Bagian penting dari ilmu ini termasuk termodinamika kimia, kinetika kimia, kimia kuantum, elektrokimia, kimia permukaan dan kimia padatan, dan spektroskopi. Kimia fisik juga penting bagi ilmu material modern.

Istilah "kimia fisik" mungkin pertama kali digunakan oleh Mikhail Lomonosov pada tahun 1752, ketika ia menyampaikan kuliah berjudul "Pelajaran Kimia Fisika yang Benar" kepada mahasiswa Universitas Petersburg. Landasan Kimia Fisik modern diletakkan pertama kali pada tahun 1876 oleh Josiah Willard Gibbs dalam makalahnya, On the Equilibrium of Heterogeneous Substances, yang memuat beberapa konsep dan prinsip penting kimia fisik, seperti energi Gibbs, potensial kimia, aturan fase Gibbs.

Kimiawan fisika terkemuka

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Cabang dan tema yang berhubungan

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Bacaan lanjutan

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  • Atkins, P.W. (1978), Physical Chemistry, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-7167-3539-3 
  • Hunter, R.J. (1993), Introduction to Modern Colloid Science, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-855386-2 
  • Hiemenz, P.C.; Rajagopalan, R. (1997), Principles of Colloid and Surface Chemistry, New York: Marcel Dekker Inc., ISBN 0-8247-9397-8 
  • Moore, W.J. (1972), Physical Chemistry (edisi ke-5th), Longmans, London: Prentice Hall, NJ., ISBN 0-582-44234-6 
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Kimia fisik
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