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Hemostaza.
Hemostaza je proces koji uzrokuje zaustavljanje krvarenja, što znači zadržavanje krvi unutar oštećene krvne žile. To je prva faza zacjeljivanja rana kod koje dolazi do koagulacije krvi koja se mijenja iz tekućine u gel. Netaknute krvne žile su osnova za ublažavanje krvne sklonosti stvaranju ugrušaka. Endotelne ćelije netaknutih posuda sprječavaju zgrušavanje krvi molekulom sličnim heparinu i trombomodulinu i sprječavaju agregaciju trombocita s dušik-oksidom i prostaciklilom. Kada dođe do endotelijalnih ozljeda, endotelne ćelije prestaju lučiti inhibitore koagulacije i agregacije i umjesto toga luče von Willebrandov faktor koji inicira održavanje hemostaze nakon ozljede. Hemostaza ima tri glavna koraka:
- privremenu začepljenost prekida trombocitnim čepom i
- zgrušavanje krvi ili stvaranje fibrinskog ugruška.
Ti postupci zatvaraju rupu dok se tkiva ne oporave.
- Marieb, Elaine Nicpon; Hoehn, Katja (2010). Human Anatomy & Physiology (8th ed.). San Francisco: Benjamin Cummings. str. 649–50.
- Boon, G. D. "An Overview of Hemostasis." Toxicologic Pathology 21.2 (1993): str. 170-79.
- Alturi, Pavan (2005). The Surgical Review: An Integrated Basic and Clinical Science Study Guide. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. str. 300.
- Zdanowicz, M (2003). Essentials of pathophysiology for pharmacy. Florida: CRC Press. str. 23.
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