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主题:朝鮮半島/簡介

朝鮮一词有多重意思。它既是朝鲜民主主义人民共和国中国大陆官方和民间对朝鲜民主主义人民共和国的简称,在涉及历史、地理、语言学、人类学等方面专有名词时,又是包括朝鮮民主主義人民共和國和大韩民国在内整个朝鲜半岛的称呼。

“朝鲜”一词在典籍中最早出现于《尚书大传》。(一说是传说中的檀君朝鲜首都阿斯达(Asadal/아사달)的古朝鲜语中文译文。在阿尔泰语中“asa”意为“晨曦”(日语目前仍用此词缀表示晨曦之意);“dal”意为“大地”或“大山”。“Dal”也是高句丽常见的地名。檀君朝鮮因此有“晨曦之国”的说法。)《尚书大传》记载周武王箕子于朝鲜之地。《史记》中也有武王封箕子于朝鲜之地的记载。有謂“朝鮮”即“朝日鮮明”之意,“朝”讀如“朝日”的“朝”;但在《史记》卷一百一十五〈朝鲜列传〉第五十五“集解”引张晏云:“朝鲜有湿水、洌水、汕水,三水合为洌水,疑乐浪朝鲜取名于此也。”索隐云:“朝音潮,直骄反,鲜音仙。以有汕水,故名也。汕一音讪。”

朝鲜半岛在20世纪之前是一个统一的朝鮮民族国家,1894年甲午战争以後被日本半殖民地化,直至1945年日本在二战战败才得以復國。但戰後因南北地区政治理念的不同而定以北纬38度分界线(三八线)分治,日後南北雙方經歷韓戰的衝突,延續至今成為兩個互相對立的國家:

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主题:朝鮮半島/簡介
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