For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for B模.

B模

藝術繪圖顯示出,早期宇宙時期的光束,在傳播通過宇宙空間之時,怎樣被大質量宇宙構造所產生的引力透鏡效應所偏轉,形成B模。(Credit: ESA)

B模偏振(B-mode polarization)是宇宙微波背景輻射的一種偏振信號。 宇宙微波背景輻射的偏振圖樣可以分為兩個部分。一個是旋度為零的部分(類電場部分),稱為「E模偏振」,簡稱為「E模」,不具手徵性。2002年,度角尺度干涉儀(DASI)最先發現這種偏振。另一個是散度為零、旋度不為零的部分(類磁場部分),稱為「B模偏振」,簡稱為「B模」,具有手徵性。[1]

宇宙學家預測存在兩種B模。第一種是在大爆炸短暫片刻後的宇宙暴脹過程中生成[2][3][4];第二種在後來由引力透鏡生成[5]

研究成果

[编辑]

2014年3月,BICEP2科學家團隊宣佈探測到第一種B模,符合早期宇宙暴脹期間所產生的引力波,純量-張量比為 [6][7]。2015年1月30日,研究團隊承認對於資料的判讀錯誤,觀測到的信號無法排除掉銀河系輻射塵埃的影響,不足以證實這項結果就是早期宇宙的引力波所形成的B模偏振[8]

此前,南極望遠鏡已發現了第二種B模。這發現可能有助於檢驗有關宇宙起源的理論。科學家現在正在使用普朗克衛星所測得的數據做分析,希望能夠更進一步了解這些引力波。[9][10][11]

參考文獻

[编辑]
  1. ^ Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization: The Next Key Toward the Origin of the Universe页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), 2003, Yuki D. Takahashi
  2. ^ Seljak, U. Measuring Polarization in the Cosmic Microwave Background. Astrophysical Journal. June 1997, 482: 6. doi:10.1086/304123. 
  3. ^ Seljak, U.; Zaldarriaga M. Signature of Gravity Waves in the Polarization of the Microwave Background. Phys. Rev.Lett. March 17, 1997, 78 (11). doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.2054. 
  4. ^ Kamionkowski, M.; Kosowsky A. & Stebbins A. A Probe of Primordial Gravity Waves and Vorticity. Phys. Rev.Lett. March 17, 1997, 78 (11). doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.2058. 
  5. ^ Zaldarriaga, M.; Seljak U. Gravitational lensing effect on cosmic microwave background polarization. Physical Review D. 2. July 15, 1998, 58. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.58.023003. 
  6. ^ Gravitational waves: have US scientists heard echoes of the big bang?. The Guardian. 2014-03-14 [2014-03-14]. (原始内容存档于2018-01-18). 
  7. ^ 存档副本. [2014-03-19]. (原始内容存档于2018-02-19). 
  8. ^ Cho, Adrian. Curtain falls on controversial big bang result. Science. 2015-01-30 [2015-03-05]. (原始内容存档于2015-03-12). 
  9. ^ ESA Planck. Planck Space Mission. Oct 22, 2013 [Oct 23, 2013]. (原始内容存档于2017-12-08). 
  10. ^ NASA/Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Long-sought pattern of ancient light detected. ScienceDaily. 2013-10-22 [October 23, 2013]. (原始内容存档于2014-04-07).  参数|journal=与模板((cite web))不匹配(建议改用((cite journal))|website=) (帮助)
  11. ^ Hanson, D.; et al. Detection of B-Mode Polarization in the Cosmic Microwave Background with Data from the South Pole Telescope. Physical Review Letters. 14. Sep 30, 2013, 111. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.141301. 


{{bottomLinkPreText}} {{bottomLinkText}}
B模
Listen to this article

This browser is not supported by Wikiwand :(
Wikiwand requires a browser with modern capabilities in order to provide you with the best reading experience.
Please download and use one of the following browsers:

This article was just edited, click to reload
This article has been deleted on Wikipedia (Why?)

Back to homepage

Please click Add in the dialog above
Please click Allow in the top-left corner,
then click Install Now in the dialog
Please click Open in the download dialog,
then click Install
Please click the "Downloads" icon in the Safari toolbar, open the first download in the list,
then click Install
{{::$root.activation.text}}

Install Wikiwand

Install on Chrome Install on Firefox
Don't forget to rate us

Tell your friends about Wikiwand!

Gmail Facebook Twitter Link

Enjoying Wikiwand?

Tell your friends and spread the love:
Share on Gmail Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Buffer

Our magic isn't perfect

You can help our automatic cover photo selection by reporting an unsuitable photo.

This photo is visually disturbing This photo is not a good choice

Thank you for helping!


Your input will affect cover photo selection, along with input from other users.

X

Get ready for Wikiwand 2.0 🎉! the new version arrives on September 1st! Don't want to wait?