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黑白花狨

黑白花狨[1]
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 哺乳纲 Mammalia
目: 灵长目 Primates
科: 卷尾猴科 Cebidae
属: 柽柳猴属 Saguinus
种:
黑白花狨[1] S. bicolor
二名法
Saguinus bicolor
Spix,1823

黑白花狨Saguinus bicolor),又名黑白狨两色柽柳猴雙色獠狨斑臉獠狨,是一種瀕危靈長目,分佈在巴西亞馬遜雨林。牠們主要分佈在Cuieiras河及Preto da Eva河之間,在毗連的Preto da Eva河及烏魯布河之間也有,但數量相對較少。[3]牠們與赤掌檉柳猴之間似乎存在種間競爭[3],赤掌檉柳猴逐步取代黑白花狨的分佈地。[4]加上失去棲息地,令黑白花狨的生存受到威脅。

黑白花狨以小群居住,一群約有2-15個成員。在亞朵夫杜克森林保護區內平均每群約有4.8隻黑白花狨[5],而在其他地區則約有6.19隻。[6]群族內只有至上的雌狨會繁殖,而其他雌狨的繁殖則受到壓制。妊娠期約140-170日,母親一般每胎會產下兩隻幼狨。幼狨主要由父親照顧,群族其他成員也會協助,只有在哺乳時才會到母親身邊。

黑白花狨是雜食性的,會吃果實花朵花蜜昆蟲蜘蛛、細小的脊椎動物蛋。

黑白花狨長約20.8-28.3厘米,尾巴長33.5-42厘米。雄狨重428克。[7]牠們約有10年的壽命。

黑白花狨的天敵是貓科猛禽。在城市,牠們則會受到家貓野貓或野狗的掠食。由於失去棲息地,牠們面臨威脅。不過,牠們現正生存在一些保育區內。

种名 bicolor 意为“二色的”。

參考

[编辑]
  1. ^ Groves, C.P. Wilson, D.E. & Reeder, D.M. , 编. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press. 2005: 133–134. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. LCCN 2005001870. OCLC 62265494. OL 3392515M.  NLC 001238428.
  2. ^ Mittermeier, A. B., Boubli, J.-P., Subirá, R. & Rylands, A. B. Saguinus bicolor. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2008. [2 November 2008]. 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 Röhe, F. Área de contato entre as distribuições geográficas de Saguinus midas e Saguinus bicolor (Callitrichidae-Primates): a importância de interações e fatores ecológicos. Dissertação de Mestrado — INPA/UFAM. 2006: 71. 
  4. ^ Ayres, J. M., R. A. Mittermeier, and I. D. Constable. Brazilian Tamarins on the way to extinction?. Orix. 1982, 16: 329–333. 
  5. ^ Vidal, M. D., and R. Cintra. Effects of forest structure components on the occurrence, group size and density of groups of bare-face tamarin (Saguinus bicolor – Primates: Callitrichinae) in Central Amazonia. Acta Amazonica. 2006, 36: 237–248. 
  6. ^ Subirá, R. J. Avaliação da situação atual das populações selvagens do Sauim-de-coleira Saguinus b. bicolor (Spix, 1823). Dissertação de Mestrado - UNB. 1998: 98. 
  7. ^ Smith, R. J., and W. L. Jungers. Body mass in comparative primatology. Journal of Human Evolution. 1997, 32: 523–559. doi:10.1006/jhev.1996.0122. 
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黑白花狨
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