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黑土

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黑鈣土
黑鈣土 Image
美国紐約州奧蘭治縣的黑鈣土田地
適用於: 世界土壤參考基準英语World Reference Base for Soil Resources, 其他
WRB code: CH
Profile: AhBC
母質: 黃土
氣候: 湿润大陆性[來源請求]
黑土區

黑土,又稱黑土地,指的是一種極度適合農業的土質,因為其天然含有大量的磷酸腐植質等礦物質,所以在此土地上的農產品產量非常高,即使不使用化肥、不休耕也能滿足自然需要。

黑土地在地球上主要集中在三個地區,最多的是北美大平原北部、第二多的是东欧平原南部(基本覆蓋乌克兰全國)、第三多的中國东北平原的北部和中部(即三江平原),其餘還有小型的黑土地零零散散的分布在地球各處。

东欧平原的黑钙土形成于草原植被下,富含碳酸钙,所以烏克蘭的黑土地又叫作“黑鈣土”。三江平原的黑土形成于草原化草甸上,不含碳酸钙,但富含结核和二氧化硅粉末。[1]

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黑土
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