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黄河清

黄河壶口瀑布

黄河清是指黄河中下游河水变得清澈的现象。黄河在流经黄土高原时,会带走大量泥沙,因此黄河中下游的河水呈现浑浊的黄色。相比之下,黄河水变得清澈的情况极为罕见。古代中国人认为黄河清是瑞徵,有“圣人出而黄河清”的政治神学[1][2][3][4]黄河的治理和古代统治者的合法性息息相关。

2000年以后,黄河河水含沙量有显著减少,非汛期黄河80%的河段河水都是清澈的。一方面是因修建了小浪底水库等水利工程,另一方面是因对黄土高原进行了水土治理,使流入黄河的泥沙减少[5]

相关事件

宋徽宗时代曾出现三次黄河清的现象,但北宋不久之后就被入侵的金国灭亡,宋徽宗也成为金国的俘虏[1]

中华人民共和国成立后,第一届全国人民代表大会二次会议在报告中提到古语“圣人出而黄河清”,黄河治理工程随之上升到政治层面。为追求“黄河清”,三门峡水电站工程上马。三门峡水电站有阻拦黄河河水中泥沙的功能。不过,三门峡水电站开始运行后却造成上游的生态灾难,最后不得不放弃蓄水拦沙[2]

参见

参考资料

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 陶世龙. 圣人出 黄河清. 人民网. [2018-10-16]. (原始内容存档于2017-12-11). 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 吕峥. 圣人出而黄河清?三门峡水库为此折腾了数十年. 人民网. [2018-10-16]. (原始内容存档于2019-05-28). 
  3. ^ 中囯三峡建设. 《中囯三峡建设》杂志社. 2008: 24 [2018-10-16]. (原始内容存档于2020-08-27). 
  4. ^ 林家骊; 江兴祐. 蒙学要览. 浙江古籍出版社. 1991: 317 [2018-10-16]. (原始内容存档于2020-08-27). 
  5. ^ 黄河变清调查:每年泥沙减少7亿吨 洪水几率增加. sina. [2018-10-16]. (原始内容存档于2021-04-10). 
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黄河清
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