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鹿角

长有鹿角的欧洲马鹿

鹿角也叫骨角骨质角,是指鹿头上所长的骨质结构,未发育完全的幼角称为鹿茸

与牛、羊角等牛科动物特有的洞角不同,鹿角皆为实角,无角质鞘,每年周期性脱换一次。此外,鹿角有分叉,末端逐渐变细。因种类不同,鹿角的形状、大小各异。一般仅有雄鹿长有鹿角,但驯鹿无论雌雄皆有角。[1][2]

作为商品,鹿角可分为掉角(或称为退角)与砍角两种。其中,掉角是指每年春季自然脱落的鹿角,而砍角则是指人猎取后砍下的鹿角。梅花鹿马鹿的鹿角为中药材,还可制成鹿角胶、鹿角霜等。[1][3]

参见

[编辑]

参考文献

[编辑]
  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 农业大词典编辑委员会 (编). 《农业大词典》. 中国农业出版社. 1998. 
  2. ^ 谢桂林,杜东书 (编). 《动物学》. 复旦大学出版社. 2014: 296. 
  3. ^ 南京中医药大学. 《中药大辞典 第2版 下册》. 上海科学技术出版社. 2014. 
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鹿角
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