鸮面鹦鹉科
鸮面鹦鹉科 化石时期：早中新世至今
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| 白顶啄羊鹦鹉北岛亚种 (Nestor meridionalis septentrionalis) 摄于新西兰奥克兰动物园 | |
科学分类 
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| 界： | 动物界 Animalia |
| 门： | 脊索动物门 Chordata |
| 纲： | 鸟纲 Aves |
| 目： | 鹦鹉目 Psittaciformes |
| 总科： | 鸮面鹦鹉总科 Strigopoidea Bonaparte, 1849 |
| 科： | 鸮面鹦鹉科 Strigopidae Bonaparte, 1849 |
| 模式属 | |
| Strigops 鴞鸚鵡屬 G. R. Gray, 1845
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| 属 | |
| 異名 | |
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鸮面鹦鹉科（学名：Strigopidae）是鸟纲鹦鹉目的一个科，现存2属3种，根据世界鸟类学家联合会的分类，本科是鸮面鹦鹉总科的唯一一科。包含鸮面鹦鹉属的鸮面鹦鹉及啄羊鹦鹉属的啄羊鹦鹉和白顶啄羊鹦鹉共三种。[1]已灭绝的属Nelepsittacus也属于本科，与啄羊鹦鹉属近缘，[2][3]已灭绝的大力神鹦鹉属分类地位有争议，可能也是本科的成员。[4]所有现存物种均为新西兰特有物种。[5]
查塔姆啄羊鹦鹉和诺福克啄羊鹦鹉在现代灭绝，[6][7]而Nelepsittacus则在1600万年前就已经灭绝。[8][9]现存的全部3个物种都有种群下降甚至绝灭之虞。[10][11][12]人类活动——包括入侵物种的引入和栖息地丧失等是它们灭绝及受威胁的主要原因。[13][14][15]
本科与近缘类群在大约8200万年前，新西兰与冈瓦纳古陆分离时分开，鸮面鹦鹉属与啄羊鹦鹉属的祖先在6000到8000万年前分道扬镳。[16][17]
参考资料
[编辑]- ^ International Ornithologists' Union. IOC World Bird List 12.2 (Multilingual Version). doi:10.14344/ioc.ml.12.2 （英语）.[失效連結]
- ^ Christidis L, Boles WE. Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds
. Canberra: CSIRO Publishing. 2008: 200. ISBN 978-0-643-06511-6.
- ^ Worthy, Trevor H.; Tennyson, Alan J. D.; Scofield, R. Paul. An early Miocene diversity of parrots (Aves, Strigopidae, Nestorinae) from New Zealand. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 2011, 31 (5): 1102–16. S2CID 86361015. doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.595857.
- ^ Worthy, Trevor H.; Hand, Suzanne J.; Archer, Michael; Schofield, R. Paul; De Pietri, Vanesa L. Evidence for a giant parrot from the early Miocene of New Zealand. Biology Letters. 2019, 15 (8): 20190467. PMC 6731479
. PMID 31387471. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2019.0467 .
- ^ Forshaw, Joseph Michael. Vanished and vanishing parrots : profiling extinct and endangered species. Collingwood: CSIRO Publishing. 2017: 19 [17 September 2022]. ISBN 978-1501704697.
- ^ Millener, P. R. The history of the Chatham Islands' bird fauna of the last 7000 years – a chronicle of change and extinction. Proceedings of the 4th International meeting of the Society of Avian Paleontology and Evolution (Washington, D.C., June 1996).. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology. 1999, 89: 85–109 [2022-10-30]. （原始内容存档于2013-10-23）.
- ^ BirdLife International. Nestor productus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016, 2016: e.T22684834A93049105 [12 November 2021]. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22684834A93049105.en .
- ^ Worthy, Trevor H.; Tennyson, Alan J. D.; Scofield, R. Paul. An early Miocene diversity of parrots (Aves, Strigopidae, Nestorinae) from New Zealand. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 2011, 31 (5): 1102–16. doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.595857.
- ^ Leo Joseph, Alicia Toon, Erin E. Schirtzinger, Timothy F. Wright & Richard Schodde. (2012) A revised nomenclature and classification for family-group taxa of parrots (Psittaciformes). Zootaxa 3205: 26–40
- ^ BirdLife International. Strigops habroptila. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018, 2018: e.T22685245A129751169 [12 November 2021]. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22685245A129751169.en . Database entry includes a range map and justification for why this species is endangered,
- ^ BirdLife International. Nestor meridionalis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016, 2016: e.T22684840A93049267 [12 November 2021]. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22684840A93049267.en . Database entry includes a range map and justification for why this species is endangered.
- ^ BirdLife International. Nestor notabilis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017, 2017: e.T22684831A119243358 [12 November 2021]. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T22684831A119243358.en . Database entry includes a range map and justification for why this species is endangered.
- ^ Threats to Kākāpō. Department of Conservation Te Papa Atawbai. [2008-12-31]. （原始内容存档于2009-04-04）.
- ^ Threats to Kākā. Department of Conservation Te Papa Atawbai. [2008-12-31]. （原始内容存档于2008-12-31）.
- ^ Threats to Kea. Department of Conservation Te Papa Atawbai. [2008-12-31]. （原始内容存档于2009-10-03）.
- ^ Wright, T.F.; Schirtzinger E. E.; Matsumoto T.; Eberhard J. R.; Graves G. R.; Sanchez J. J.; Capelli S.; Muller H.; Scharpegge J.; Chambers G. K.; Fleischer R. C. A Multilocus Molecular Phylogeny of the Parrots (Psittaciformes): Support for a Gondwanan Origin during the Cretaceous. Mol Biol Evol. 2008, 25 (10): 2141–2156. PMC 2727385 . PMID 18653733. doi:10.1093/molbev/msn160.
- ^ Grant-Mackie, E.J.; J.A. Grant-Mackie; W.M. Boon; G.K. Chambers. Evolution of New Zealand Parrots. NZ Science Teacher. 2003, 103.
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