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高斯函数

高斯函数是形式为

函数。其中abc实数常数,且a > 0.

c2 = 2的高斯函数是傅立叶变换特征函数。这就意味着高斯函数的傅立叶变换不仅仅是另一个高斯函数,而且是进行傅立叶变换的函数的标量倍。[註 1]

期望值方差作为参数表示的高斯曲线(参见正态分布

半峰全宽与积分

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联立高斯积分

半峰全宽
解得


应用

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高斯函数的不定积分是误差函数。在自然科学社会科学数学以及工程学等领域都有高斯函数的身影,这方面的例子包括:

注释

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  1. ^ 高斯函数属于初等函数,但它没有初等不定积分。但是仍然可以在整个实数轴上计算它的广义积分(参见高斯积分):

参见

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高斯函数
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