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马克 (货币单位).
马克 (货币单位) |
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Mark |
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/1Mark1875.jpg/252px-1Mark1875.jpg) 1 德国金色马克硬币, 1875 |
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使用地 | Various |
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货币单位 |
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马克(mark)是欧洲古時的货币计量单位,等於拜占庭的蘇德(「盾」)、不列顛的先令。
最初相当于8金衡盎司(249克)纯白银,並成為一種古代货币,曾通用于古代的西欧地区,包括英国(英格蘭馬克在征服者威廉用歐制時引入。)。1192年英国国王狮心王理查在德意志被俘后,就是向神圣罗马帝国支付了15万马克赎金后才被释放。随着时间演变,马克的重量在各个地区发生变化,其中一些代表地区的马克折合为现代重量单位换算如下:
- 科隆马克(汉萨同盟):233.856克
- 维也纳马克:280.66克
- 纽伦堡马克:237.52克
- 埃尔富特马克:235.40克
- 普鲁士马克:233.85克
- 塔马克: 233.275克
- 克拉科夫马克:197.98克
- 维尔茨堡马克:238.62克
- 巴黎马克:244.753克
- 巴黎金衡马克:277.75克
- 荷兰马克:246.06克
- 葡萄牙马克:229.50克
- 西班牙马克:230.348克
1860年4月4日,俄国境内自治的芬兰大公国宣布以马克和便士作为自己的货币。1871年12月4日德国采用金本位,以马克为主币。
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