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预防性维护.
預防性維護(Preventive maintenance)有以下的含意:
- 為了維持設備在良好運作條件,由維修人員所進行的保養及維護,作法可能透過針對初期異常進行系統性檢測、偵測以及修正,可能是異常出現之前,或是在初期異常演變成重大異常之前檢測。
- 預防性維修一般會依照預定的工作指引,定期進行維修,以避免設備或是機能械損毀[1]。
- 是避免機器損毀或是誤動作,所進行固定例行性的工作[2]。
- 為了避免出現故障所進行的維護,其中包括測試、量測、調整、零件更換及清理等。
预防性维护的主要目的是讓設備在這一次维护到下一次维护之間,不會因為元件疲勞、人員疏忽或是設備磨損(可避免原因)而失效。要在真正發生失效之前就避免失效,這也是計劃性維護及視狀態的維護希望可以達到的。此维护的思維是在元件磨損真正失效之前,就提早更換已磨損的元件,藉此恢復系統的可靠度期。维护活動包括特定週期的部份維修或整體維修、更換油料、潤滑、小幅調整等。此外,工作人員可以記錄設備劣化的情形,以便在造成系統失效之前就提早修理損壞的元件。理想的機器维护規劃可以避免不必要而且費用昂貴的維修。
許多設備及設施的機器維護都相當細微。例如,特定設備的維護可能包括「预防性维护清單」,其中包括許多可以顯著提昇設備壽命的確認項目。而且,像天候及設備等因素也都要列入考慮。例如高緯度地區的暖通空調(HVAC)系統,一般會選擇在一年最熱,使用暖氣最少的時候進行維護。
- ^ Olakotan, O.O. (2015). Unpublished Basic Technology lecture note on Maintenance
- ^ Bamiro O.A., Nzediegwu D., Oladejo K.A, Rahaman A & Adebayo A (2011). Mastery of Technology for junior school certificate examination.Ibadan: Evans Brothers (Nigeria Publishers)Limited.
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