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頂盾龍屬

顶盾龙属
化石时期:100.5–97 Ma
白堊紀后期
无效状况
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 蜥形纲 Sauropsida
总目: 恐龍總目 Dinosauria
目: 鸟臀目 Ornithischia
科: 结节龙科 Nodosauridae
属: 顶盾龙属 Stegopelta
Williston, 1905
模式種
蘭德頂盾龍
Stegopelta landerensis

Williston, 1905

頂盾龍屬(屬名:Stegopelta)意為「如屋頂般的盾」,是甲龍亞目是一屬。化石包含一個部份骨骸,發現於懷俄明州弗里蒙特郡的Frontier組,年代為白堊紀的晚阿爾比階到早森諾曼階

歷史

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在1905年,塞繆爾·溫德爾·威利斯頓(Samuel Wendell Williston)敘述了一個甲龍類骨骸(編號FMNH UR88),該骨骸包含一個上頜的骨頭碎片、7節頸椎、2節背椎、部分薦骨、左右腸骨尾椎、部分肩胛骨、左右肱骨頭、部分尺骨、左右橈骨、一個掌骨、部分脛骨蹠骨、以及肩刺與頸部裝甲[1][2]。這些化石的保存狀態不佳,曾在斜坡上遭到侵蝕,以及群的踩踏[3]。因為頂盾龍是種所知有限的甲龍類恐龍,威利斯頓認為牠們的外形類似劍龍屬,而頂盾龍的骨盆上方有癒合的鱗甲,類似哺乳類雕齒獸,因此威利斯頓認為頂盾龍的鱗甲類似雕齒獸的鱗甲[1]。Moodie在1910年重新敘述頂盾龍,並認為若頂盾龍與甲龍不是同一種動物,那牠們即為近親[3]

頂盾龍仍為研究過少的動物。在1978年,Walter P. Coombs在他的甲龍亞目重新敘述中,將頂盾龍列為更著名、但所知有限的結節龍的一個異名[4]。在1998年,肯尼思·卡彭特(Kenneth Carpenter)與詹姆士·柯克蘭(James Kirkland)重新敘述頂盾龍,並認為牠們有明顯的脊椎與裝甲特徵,將頂盾龍恢復為有效屬[2]。在2000年,Tracy Ford根據頂盾龍的裝甲特徵,在甲龍科中建立了頂盾龍亞科(Stegopeltinae),包含了頂盾龍與雕齒甲龍[5]。Ford的分類法並沒有被廣泛的接受,但最近的研究認為頂盾龍為獨立的一屬,但分類傾向仍不清楚[6][7]

古生物學

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因為頂盾龍的所知有限,關於牠們的習性與生活方式只知道牠們是緩慢、四足、植食性恐龍,面對攻擊時會將身體伏在地面上,依靠裝甲來防禦[7]

頂盾龍的裝甲固定在薦骨上,肩膀的尖刺可能有分叉,類似埃德蒙頓甲龍[2]

參考資料

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Williston, S.W. A new armored dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of Wyoming. Science. 1905, 22 (564): 503–504. PMID 17748142. doi:10.1126/science.22.564.503-a. 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Carpenter, K., and Kirkland, J.I. (1998). Review of Lower and middle Cretaceous ankylosaurs from North America. In: Lucas, S.G., Kirkland, J.I., and Estep, J.W. (eds.). Lower and Middle Cretaceous Terrestrial Ecosystems. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 14:249-270.
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 Moodie, R.L. An armored dinosaur from the Cretaceous of Wyoming. Kansas University Science Bulletin. 1910, 5: 257–273. 
  4. ^ Coombs, Jr. The families of the ornithischian dinosaur order Ankylosauria. Palaeontology. 1978, 21 (1): 143–170. 
  5. ^ Ford, T.L. (2000). A review of ankylosaur osteoderms from New Mexico and a preliminary review of ankylosaur armor. In: Lucas, S.G., and Heckert, A.B. (eds.). Dinosaurs of New Mexico. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 17:157-176.
  6. ^ Carpenter, K. (2001). Phylogenetic analysis of the Ankylosauria. In: Carpenter, K. (ed.). The Armored Dinosaurs. Indiana University Press:Bloomington, 455-483. ISBN 0-253-33964-2
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 Vickaryous, M.K., Maryańska, T., and Weishampel, D.B. (2004). Ankylosauria. In: Weishampel, D.B., Dodson, P., and Osmólska, H. (eds.). The Dinosauria (second edition). University of California Press:Berkeley, 363-392. ISBN 0-520-24209-2

外部链接

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頂盾龍屬
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