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電壓分配定則 .
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電壓分配定則 (英語:Voltage divider rule ),是指在串聯電路 中,各負載 分到的電壓 與其阻抗 成正比關係。依此原理所實作的電路又被稱為分壓器 。
依克希荷夫電壓定律 ,電源電壓為各阻抗的電壓降的總合。
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{\displaystyle V_{e}=\sum _{k=1}^{n}V_{k}=V_{1}+V_{2}+\cdots +V_{n))
總阻抗
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{\displaystyle Z_{\mathrm {total} }=Z_{1}+Z_{2}+\cdots +Z_{n))
依歐姆定律 ,電路電流為電源電壓除以總阻抗。
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{\displaystyle I={\frac {V_{e)){Z_{\mathrm {total} ))}={\frac {V_{e)){Z_{1}+Z_{2}+\cdots +Z_{n))))
各阻抗的電壓降
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{\displaystyle V_{n}={\frac {V_{e)){Z_{total))}\cdot Z_{n}=I\cdot Z_{n))
在只有2個阻抗的串聯電路裡,相關計算公式可以簡化為:
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{\displaystyle I={\frac {V_{\mathrm {in} )){Z_{1}+Z_{2))))
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{\displaystyle V_{\mathrm {in} }=I\cdot (Z_{1}+Z_{2})}
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{\displaystyle V_{\mathrm {out} }={\frac {Z_{2)){Z_{1}+Z_{2))}\cdot V_{\mathrm {in} ))
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{\displaystyle V_{\mathrm {out} }=I\cdot Z_{2))
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