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阿塞爾

阿塞爾(英語:Asser),中文譯名有阿塞[1]阿瑟[2]阿色耳[3]。生卒:?—約909年),盎格魯-撒克遜時期教士、學者、史家,出生於威爾士,早年在聖大衞寺院修道士,886年被西撒克遜(又譯威塞克斯)國王阿爾弗雷德(又譯阿爾弗烈德、艾爾弗雷德)聘請入朝,協助國王學習,此外曾在康斯伯里英语Congresbury班韋爾英语Banwell德文康沃爾舍伯恩(又譯瑟波恩)等地出任教職,約在909年去世。阿塞爾曾為阿爾弗雷德進行著作及翻譯,較有名的有阿爾弗雷德大王的傳記阿爾弗雷德傳》。

生平

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位於威爾士彭布羅克郡聖大衞寺院。阿塞爾曾在這裡當修道士

阿塞爾威爾士人,關於他的名字「阿塞爾」(Asser),學者Simon Keynes英语Simon KeynesMichael Lapidge英语Michael Lapidge指出是來自希伯來語,《舊約聖經》裡就曾有人使用Aser(或Asher)做名字,意思是「被祝福的」(「blessed」或「blessedness」),意思與威爾士語裡的「Gwyn」(古威爾士語作「Guinn」)相同,所以他可能選用「阿塞爾」做教名[4]早年曾入達費德英语Dyfed王國的聖大衞寺院(位於彭布羅克郡)當修道士。885年,阿塞爾奉阿爾弗雷德大王所召,到南撒克遜(又譯薩塞克斯)晉見國王。886年,國王邀請阿塞爾入朝,負責協助國王學習拉丁語。與此同時,阿塞爾獲國王重用,歷任康斯伯里英语Congresbury隱修院院長、班韋爾英语Banwell隱修院院長、德文教區主教、康沃爾教區主教、舍伯恩(又譯瑟波恩)主教(892至902年)等教職。[5]

約於908至909年去世。[注 1][6]

作品

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著作

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阿塞爾《阿爾弗雷德傳

譯作

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評價

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阿爾塞憑著其史學著作《阿爾弗雷德傳》而垂名後世,英國學者Simon Keynes英语Simon KeynesMichael Lapidge英语Michael Lapidge指出他為後世留下首部盎格魯-撒克遜君王傳記,對英國早期歷史研究的價值無可估量,然而阿塞為粉飾國王事跡,不免令國王生平顯得模糊。[9]

注釋

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  1. ^ 有關阿塞的卒年,《盎格魯-撒克遜編年史》的多個稿本中,有的記載是909年,有的記載是910年。現代學者Simon Keynes英语Simon KeynesMichael Lapidge英语Michael Lapidge認為是在908至909年。

引用來源

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  1. ^ J·W·湯普森《歷史著作史》上卷第一分冊,謝德風譯,北京商務印書館,236頁。
  2. ^ 《盎格魯-撒克遜編年史》,北京商務印書館,99頁。
  3. ^ 溫斯頓·邱吉爾《英語民族史(卷一):大不列顛的誕生》,劉會梁譯,臺北左岸文化,87頁。
  4. ^ Simon Keynes and Michael Lapidge: Alfred the Great, Asser's Life of King Alfred and other contemporary sources: Introduction, p.48-49. Penguin Books Ltd., Middlesex, England.
  5. ^ Simon Keynes and Michael Lapidge: Alfred the Great, Asser's Life of King Alfred and other contemporary sources: Introduction, p.48-53. Penguin Books Ltd., Middlesex, England;Michael Lapidge, John Blair, Simon Keynes, and Donald Scragg: Asser, in The Blackwell encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England, p.48-49. Blackwell Publishers Ltd., Malden, Mass, England;《不列顛百科全書·「阿塞爾」條》,中國大百科全書出版社,561頁。
  6. ^ 《盎格魯-撒克遜編年史》,北京商務印書館,99頁;Simon Keynes and Michael Lapidge: Alfred the Great, Asser's Life of King Alfred and other contemporary sources: Introduction, p.48-53. Penguin Books Ltd., Middlesex, England.
  7. ^ Asser: Life of King Alfred, in Alfred the Great, Asser's Life of King Alfred and other contemporary sources. Penguin Books Ltd., Middlesex, England.
  8. ^ 8.0 8.1 Michael Lapidge, John Blair, Simon Keynes, and Donald Scragg: Asser, in The Blackwell encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England, p.49. Blackwell Publishers Ltd., Malden, Mass, England.
  9. ^ Simon Keynes and Michael Lapidge: Alfred the Great, Asser's Life of King Alfred and other contemporary sources: Introduction, p.48. Penguin Books Ltd., Middlesex, England.

參考書目及網絡資源

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相關條目

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阿塞爾
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