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鎮撫司.
鎮撫司,為明代衛所核心的組織,職理各衛所刑名兼理軍匠。非錦衣衛獨有,相當於現在軍法處或軍事裁判所。
明成祖時,將锦衣卫鎮撫司分為南、北兩司。
“南镇抚司”负责本卫的法纪、军纠。
“北镇抚司”传理皇帝钦定的案件,拥有自己的监狱(诏狱),可以自行逮捕、刑讯、处决,不必经过司法机构。死於酷刑拷打之下者不計其數。南、北鎮撫司下設五個衛所,統領官稱千戶、百戶、總旗、小旗。一般軍士稱為校尉、力士,雅稱為「
緹騎」。瞿式耜曾道:“往者魏 、崔之世,凡属凶网,即烦缇骑,一属缇骑,即下镇抚,魂飞汤火,惨毒难言,苟得一送法司,便不啻天堂之乐矣。”
顾大武的《诏狱惨言》曾描寫杨涟在内的“六君子”在鎮撫司內的慘狀:
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次日之暮,嚴刑拷問諸君子。雖各辯對甚正,而堂官許顯純袖中已有成案,第據之直書具疏以進。是日諸君子各打四十棍,拶、敲一百,夾杠五十……七月初四日比較。六君子從獄中出……一步一忍痛聲,甚酸楚……用尺帛抹額,裳上膿血如染……十三日比較……受杖諸君子,股肉俱腐……十九日比較,楊、左、魏俱用全刑。楊公大號而無回聲,左公聲呦呦如小兒啼……二十四日比較,刑畢……是夜三君子(楊漣、左光斗、魏大中)……俱死於鎖頭葉文仲之手……二十八日……周公(周朝瑞)至大監,不半時許,遂斃郭賊之手。
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