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醫緩

醫緩
醫緩
出生不可考
周朝秦國
逝世不可考
不可考
职业中醫學家

醫緩(?—?),是传说中中国春秋時期秦國的醫家。其姓不可考,名,因其職,人稱醫緩

其主要生平不可考,描述醫緩的文獻詳見於《左傳·成公十年》和《通志》兩書。

生平

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前581年,晉景公有疾,他夢見自己被惡鬼追逐,驚醒後,他召桑田那邊的巫人(史稱桑田巫)來占卜。桑田巫向晉景公表示,晋景公之病是被他在下宮之難所殺的趙同趙括鬼魂作祟,等不到吃新收的莊稼,晉景公就會死。桑田巫使巫術治病,但久治不效。

晉景公聽聞秦國多名醫,於是向秦桓公求醫,秦桓公派遣醫緩往診。醫緩未至,晋景公又夢到疾病化身的兩童子商量:一个说醫緩是良医,所以他们应找地方避開醫緩,另一个说他们在肓(肓指心臟橫膈膜之間的部位)之上,膏(膏指心尖脂肪)之下,醫緩也不能奈何。醫緩一到晉國,診察晉景公的病情,立刻斷言晉景公其疾不可醫,因为病況已經進入肓之上膏之下,表示就算砭石針灸治理已不可及,而服用葯物醫治,亦不能至,所謂「藥石無靈」。晉景公回想先前的夢和醫緩所说的一樣,便认为醫緩為良醫,送厚禮謝去。

接著,他召桑田巫來,放上用新產的麥子作的食,然後處死了桑田巫,但晉景公欲吃麵前感到腹脹,便上廁所,但卻掉到坑中溺死。

此故事流傳下来,成為「病入膏肓」的成語。也因這典故,在背部的第四椎兩旁,有名為「膏肓腧」的穴位。

通志》一書中,表示「緩」和「和」同音,認為醫緩與同一時期的另一名醫醫和為同一人。但兩人出現的年代相差四十多年,故此可能性比較低。

参考文献

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醫緩
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