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鄭瞀

鄭瞀(?—前626年),春秋时期楚国国君楚成王的夫人,《左传》中没有记载。

鄭瞀是郑国人,鄭国国君之女的陪嫁(媵),进入楚成王後宮。成王登台俯视後宮。宮人都扭头去看,只有鄭瞀径直向前走,没有回头,也没有改变脚步。成王说:“走着的人看我”,鄭瞀不回头。成王说:“你回头看我,就立你为夫人”,鄭瞀还是头也不回。成王道:“你看我,我给你一千金,给你父兄封地。”鄭瞀还是不回头。成王走下台,说:“夫人是重位。封爵是厚禄。一顧可得,为什么不回头呢?”鄭瞀说:“我听说婦人应该端正和顏。现在我在大王在台上观看的时候回头看,就是不合儀節。因为如此,我没有回头。如果我在听到夫人之尊、封爵之重后回头再看,我就是贪图名利,而忘记義理。那样如何事奉大王。”成王赞许,立鄭瞀为夫人。

大约一年后,成王拟立公子商臣(后来的楚穆王)为太子。成王与令尹鬬勃(子上)商议此事。子上说:“国君还年轻,被宠爱的公子众多,立太子后再罢黜,肯定会酿成祸亂。商臣蜂目豺聲,是残忍之人,不可立为太子。”成王退回後宮,询问夫人鄭瞀。鄭瞀说应该听令尹的。成王没有听从,立商臣为太子。成王四十五年(前627年)、太子商臣誣告子上救援蔡国时,接受晋国賄賂而避战。成王于是处决子上。鄭瞀对保傅感叹子上無罪遇害,白黑顛倒,上下錯謬,大王多寵子,都想夺位。太子貪忍,大王不明,庶嫡之爭,其禍必興。

成王四十六年(前626年)、成王想要废黜太子商臣,立商臣庶弟公子職为太子。鄭瞀试图劝谏成王,让他警惕太子作乱,结果却让成王更加疑心。鄭瞀自殺,希望提醒成王提防太子。太子商臣得知成王要废黜自己,于是作乱,包围王宮。成王想要吃了熊掌之后再死,但商臣不听,让他自缢而死。

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