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邦特之地 .
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邦特及埃及的相对位置 邦特之地, 或译作蓬特[1] 、朋特(圣书体转写:pwnt,构拟读音:/puːnɛt/)是古埃及 贸易记录中的一个王国。[2] 这里生产和出口黄金、芳香树脂、黑檀木、乌木、象牙和野生动物。
邦特之地的确切位置至今仍有争论。多数学者认为邦特位于埃及 的东南部,即是今天的索马里 、吉布提 、厄立特里亚 以及埃塞俄比亚 东北的沿海地区和苏丹 的红海沿岸。[3] 也有学者指出古代的一些铭文显示邦特位于阿拉伯半岛 ,也可能处于非洲之角 和阿拉伯半岛 南部。
埃及对邦特的描述
对于邦特的最早描述来自于第五王朝第二任法老萨胡拉,对邦特返回的货物进行了记录;也有学者指出第四王朝法老胡夫时期就已经有对邦特黄金的记录。[4] 其后,在第六王朝、第十一王朝、第十二王朝及第十八王朝时期对邦特的记述增多。
十八王朝女法老哈特谢普苏特建立了一支红海贸易船队,以经六个月的行程到朋特之地进行贸易。底比斯用征服得来的努比亚 黄金和奴隶前往南方的库施 进行贸易,换来乳香 、没药 、沥青 、泡碱 、杜松油、亚麻及铜制饰品等,用来在卡纳克 制作木乃伊。
参考资料
^ 刘, 文鹏. 古代埃及史. 北京: 商务印书馆. 2005: 720. ISBN 7100028655 .
^ Ian Shaw & Paul Nicholson, The Dictionary of Ancient Egypt, British Museum Press, London. 1995, p.231.
^ Simson Najovits, Egypt, trunk of the tree, Volume 2 , (Algora Publishing: 2004), p.258.
^ Giddings, Franklin H.; Breasted, James Henry. A History of Egypt. . Political Science Quarterly. 1906-09, 21 (3). ISSN 0032-3195 . doi:10.2307/2140601 .
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