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邁妥林

邁妥林
臨床資料
商品名英语Drug nomenclatureAmatine, Proamatine, Gutron, others
其他名稱2-amino-N-[2-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-hydroxy-ethyl]-acetamide
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa602023
核准狀況
懷孕分級
  • : C
给药途径口服
ATC碼
法律規範狀態
法律規範
识别信息
  • (RS)- N-[2-(2,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-2-hydroxyethyl]glycinamide
CAS号42794-76-3  checkY
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard英语CompTox Chemicals Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.050.842、​100.151.349 編輯維基數據鏈接
化学信息
化学式C12H18N2O4
摩尔质量254.29 g·mol−1
3D模型(JSmol英语JSmol
手性外消旋混合物
  • O=C(NCC(O)c1cc(OC)ccc1OC)CN
  • InChI=1S/C12H18N2O4/c1-17-8-3-4-11(18-2)9(5-8)10(15)7-14-12(16)6-13/h3-5,10,15H,6-7,13H2,1-2H3,(H,14,16) checkY
  • Key:PTKSEFOSCHHMPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY

邁妥林是血管加压/抗低血压藥物,在1996年被美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)批准用于治疗自主神经功能障碍姿位性低血压。FDA在2010年8月提议撤回该核准,因为制造商Shire plc在药物上市後后未能完成所需的研究。[2][3]

2010年9月,Shire plc收集了有关该药效果和安全性的进一步数据,FDA撤回上述提議並允许其继续供患者使用。[4]Shire plc于2011年9月27日宣布,它将继续与FDA合作以最终批准该药物。[5]

医疗用途

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邁妥林适用于有症狀之姿位性低血压的治疗。 它可以减少头晕和晕厥,但病人可能發生鸡皮疙瘩皮肤瘙痒 ,胃肠道不适,发冷,躺卧时血压升高和尿液瀦留[6] [7] 小型研究还表明,米多君可用于预防血液透析病人的血压过度下降。 [8]

邁妥林也用于肝硬化的并发症。 它也与奥曲肽一併用于肝肾症候群 。其可能机制是内脏血管收缩和肾血管扩张。但對於此藥物在肝腎症候群的治療地位尚未有充分的研究。[9]

禁忌症

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患有严重器质性心脏病,急性肾脏疾病, 尿液瀦留 , 嗜铬细胞瘤或甲状腺毒症的患者禁用本藥。仰臥時持续和过度高血压患者不应使用本藥。

副作用

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头痛,头部压力/饱胀感,血管扩张/脸红,头皮发麻,意识模糊/思维异常,口干,神经质/焦虑和皮疹。 [10]

药理學

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邁多林是前體药物 ,其活性代谢产物為desglymidodrine,刺激α1腎上腺素受體,作用於小動脈與靜脈,使血管收縮,血压升高。Desglymidodrine不会刺激心脏β-肾上腺素受体 。 Desglymidodrine難以跨越血脑屏障 ,對中枢神经系统無作用 。

药物动力学

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邁妥林於口服后被迅速吸收,血浆中水平在约半小时后达到峰值,并以约25分钟的半衰期下降,而代谢产物在服用后约1-2小时达到峰值浓度,半衰期约为3至4小时。邁妥林的绝对生物利用度(以desglymidodrine衡量)为93%。

参考文献

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  1. ^ Proamatine- midodrine hydrochloride tablet. DailyMed. [14 August 2021]. (原始内容存档于2021-08-15). 
  2. ^ U.S. proposes withdrawal of Shire hypotension drug页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), Aug 16, 2010.
  3. ^ O'Riordan, Michael. FDA recommends withdrawal of midodrine. Food and Drug Administration. FDA proposes withdrawal of low blood pressure drug [press release]. August 16, 2010. TheHeart.org. [1 April 2011]. (原始内容存档于2012-03-11). 
  4. ^ Midodrine (ProAmatine, generic) Proposed Market Withdrawal – Update页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) September 10, 2010.
  5. ^ Shire Announces Update on ProAmatime[永久失效連結] September 27, 2011.
  6. ^ Izcovich, A.; Gonzalez Malla, C.; Manzotti, M.; Catalano, H. N.; Guyatt, G. Midodrine for orthostatic hypotension and recurrent reflex syncope: A systematic review. Neurology. 22 August 2014, 83 (13): 1170–1177. PMID 25150287. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000000815. 
  7. ^ Standing and Supine Blood Pressure Outcomes Associated With Droxidopa and Midodrine in Patients With Neurogenic Orthostatic Hypotension: A Bayesian Meta-analysis and Mixed Treatment Comparison of Randomized Trials. Ann Pharmacother. July 2018: 1060028018786954. PMID 29972032. doi:10.1177/1060028018786954. 
  8. ^ Prakash, S; Garg, AX; Heidenheim, AP; House, AA. Midodrine appears to be safe and effective for dialysis-induced hypotension: a systematic review.. Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation. Oct 2004, 19 (10): 2553–8. PMID 15280522. doi:10.1093/ndt/gfh420. 
  9. ^ Karwa, R.; Woodis, C B. Midodrine and Octreotide in Treatment of Cirrhosis-Related Hemodynamic Complications. Annals of Pharmacotherapy. 31 March 2009, 43 (4): 692–699. PMID 19299324. doi:10.1345/aph.1L373. 
  10. ^ MayoClinic.org. [2020-04-01]. (原始内容存档于2021-05-10). 
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邁妥林
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