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遮那竭

遮那竭
罗摩衍那角色
遮那竭正在欢迎羅摩及其父亲——彌薩羅國十車王
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配偶Sunaina
兒女悉多、优哩弥腊、曼吒毗、输噜多吉哩底
出生地点毗提訶國
离世地点毗提訶國

遮那竭梵語जनकIAST:Janaka)为古印度毗提訶國英语Videha约公元前8至7世纪的一位國王[1],之后在印度史诗罗摩衍那》中出现。他被尊为不依赖于物质财富的典範。他与八曲仙人、蘇拉巴等贤者及寻道者的對話被記錄於古籍中。印度城市賈納克布爾就是以他的名字命名[2]。毗提訶与彌薩羅王国四周分别为西侧的甘達基河,东侧的默哈嫩達河,南部的恒河以及北部的喜马拉雅山脉[3][4]

吠陀典籍中的遮那竭

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吠陀晚期印度的各个王国,其中包括毗提訶國
耶若婆佉英语Yajnavalkya向遮那竭王传授梵智

诸如《百道梵书英语Shatapatha Brahmana》和《广林奥义书英语Brihadaranyaka Upanishad》等晚期吠陀文学作品中提及到了遮那竭王(约前8至7世纪),他是毗提诃国一位伟大的哲学家国王。他因支持赞助吠陀文学与哲学而知名,其宫廷成为知识分子的中心,云集了婆罗门之中的贤者,例如耶若婆佉英语Yajnavalkya邬达罗伽·阿卢尼英语Uddalaka Aruni[1]。在他的统治下,毗提诃成为印度次大陆的主要政治与文化中心[5]

其他文学作品

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遮那竭为《罗摩衍那》中罗摩毗湿奴化身之一)妻子悉多的父亲[6]。他与八曲仙人之间的对话被整理成了《八曲梵歌英语Ashtavakra Gita》,在该书中他被描绘为一位解脫的人,并经过了八曲仙人的检验。许多参考这篇文章的精神导师都会时常翻译和推断其中含义[7][8]

参考资料

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脚注

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Raychaudhuri 2006,第41–52頁.
  2. ^ Raychaudhuri 2006,第44頁.
  3. ^ Jha, M. Hindu Kingdoms at contextual level. Anthropology of Ancient Hindu Kingdoms: A Study in Civilizational Perspective. New Delhi: M.D. Publications Pvt. Ltd. 1997: 27–42 [2019-03-01]. (原始内容存档于2020-01-02). 
  4. ^ Mishra, V. Cultural Heritage of Mithila. Allahabad: Mithila Prakasana. 1979: 13 [2016-12-28]. (原始内容存档于2016-12-29). 
  5. ^ Michael Witzel英语Michael Witzel (1989), Tracing the Vedic dialects in Dialectes dans les litteratures Indo-Aryennes ed. Caillat英语Colette Caillat, Paris, 97–265.
  6. ^ 蚁蛭. 《童年篇》第六十五章. 罗摩衍那. 
  7. ^ Vanita, Ruth. Full of God:Ashtavakra and ideas of Justice in Hindu Text. Religions of South Asia. 2009, 3 (2) [2017-02-22]. (原始内容存档于2019-03-02). 
  8. ^ Mukerjee, Radhakamal. The song of the self supreme (Aṣṭāvakragītā): the classical text of Ātmādvaita by Aṣṭāvakra. Motilal Banarsidass Publ. 1971. ISBN 978-81-208-1367-0. 

书籍

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  • Dictionary of Hindu Lord and Legend (ISBN 0-500-51088-1) by Anna Dhallapiccola
  • Raychaudhuri, Hemchandra, Political History of Ancient India, Cosmo Publications, 2006 [2019-03-01], ISBN 81-307-0291-6, (原始内容存档于2018-07-10) 
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遮那竭
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