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道員

道員,簡稱中國時期的地方政府官職之一,雅稱道尹道臺道憲觀察廉車廉使觀察使等。該官職通常設於之間-官署的主官,另外,也有如鹽運道員的專任官職,布政使按察使的副手也是道員,前者称“守道”,后者称“巡道”。[1]

乾隆十八年,定道员為正四品,但可另加頭銜提昇品秩,例如按察使銜分巡臺灣兵備道按察使銜,為正三品。乾隆十八年,全国道员共八十余人。嘉庆四年,道员被授予密折奏事(“上封事”)之权,是具有此权的最低品秩文官。[1]

道员的印信称为“关防”,长方形,以示该官职为临时派遣。材质为铜,長三寸,闊一寸九分。

民國元年(1912年)宣統遜位中華民國建立,將道員改稱「觀察使」,民國三年(1914年)北洋政府改稱道尹民國十七年(1928年)國民黨北伐成功,廢除「」的編制,各省改設行政督察區,「行政督察專員公署」(專署)為行政督察區的行政管理機構。專署行政長官稱為「行政督察專員」,簡稱「行署專員」。

註釋

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 《清史稿》卷116

參考文獻

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道員
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