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遂公盨.
遂公盨(又名豳公盨、燹公盨)是一件西周中期后段的青铜器。盨是古代用来盛粮食的礼器,从簋转变而来,流行于西周时期。该盨“呈圆角长方形,高11.8厘米,口径24.8厘米,重2.5千克。器口沿下饰鸟纹,腹部饰瓦纹,两侧有一对兽首形耳,垂环和盖已失,圈足中间有桃形缺口”[1] [2]。盨内底有铭文10行共计98字,书法幽美,整齐匀称。铭文中有“遂公”两字,故称“遂公盨”。“遂公”是西周时遂国(今山东宁阳西北)的国君,鲁庄公十三年(公元前681年)被齐国所灭。这件青铜器不是考古发掘中发现,而是由北京保利艺术博物馆专家在海外文物市场上发现,现藏于北京保利艺术博物馆。铭文中首句曰“天命禹敷土,随山浚川,迺差地设征”与《尚书·禹贡》“禹敷土,随山刊木,奠高山大川”相似。这使得学者开始重新考虑《禹贡》的文獻意義。同时遂公盨的发现也说明大禹治水的传说至少在西周就已经开始流行了,这对中国上古史的研究有很大的意义。
铭文
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天命禹敷土,随山浚川,迺
差地设征,降民监德,迺自
作配乡(享)民,成父毋。生我王
作臣,厥沫(贵)唯德,民好明德,
寡(顾)在天下。用厥邵(绍)好,益干(?)
懿德,康亡不懋。孝友,訏明
经齐,好祀无[贝鬼](废)。心好德,婚
媾亦唯协。天厘用考,神复
用祓禄,永御于宁。遂公曰:
民唯克用兹德,亡诲(悔)。”
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- ^ 李学勤. "遂公盈与大禹治水传说." 中国社会科学院院报 (2003): 1-23.
- ^ 余世诚 - 中国石油大学学报 (社会科学版), 2008
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