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通氣管

U-3008潛艇的指揮塔,左邊較高的為通氣管,右面為潛望鏡

通氣管(英語:snorkel)是指使用在潜艇的通气设备。

兴起

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通气管第一次大量装备使用是在二战时期。当时的柴电常规动力潜艇在水下以电池作为动力。需要上浮使用柴油机充电并补充压缩空气和更新潜艇内的空气,但这样会暴露潜艇。使用通气管可以保持在潜望镜深度开动柴油机而不必浮出水面,防止潜艇暴露踪跡。

在现代潜艇的作用

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通气管在现代常规潜艇中仍然有上文作用。而在核潜艇中,由于使用核反应堆而不是电池,所以没有需要充电。而潜艇内空气也由分解海水中的氧来更新。通气管的作用是补充压缩空气。

通气管状态的航速

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需要注意的是,使用通气管仍然有一定的航速限制。航速太高会损坏、甚至直接折断通气管。

另見

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參考資料

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通氣管
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