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辨識系統.
生物辨識系統泛指以每個生物獨有的生物特徵作為根據,必須具備以下的幾種特徵:
- 唯一性:獨一無二的特徵。
- 普遍性:大眾們都有相同的型態特徵。
- 永久性:特徵不因時間而改變,或者改變非常的緩慢。
- 可測性:可用精簡的技巧去測量其相似度。
- 方便性:量測的器具要容易攜帶。
- 接受性:能被社會大眾們接受的量測方式。
- 不可欺性:儀器不因偽裝而被欺騙。
以生物辨識系統所應用到的技術有:
- 人脸识别:一般用於手機以及電腦,指要給攝影機確認即可完成辨識,不需接觸到身體,但成本較高。
- 簽名辨識:就是以個人的筆跡作為參考,現在有電子簽名以結圖的方式取代個人簽名,較不安全。 雖然不安全,中國已經開始在正式文件/合約中使用電子簽名,例如中國聯通等電信門市辦門號等業務會讓客戶在平板上簽名,讓電子簽名具有公信力,這影響了許多電子業務流程。
- 指纹识别:以機器讀取指紋樣本,將樣本存入資料庫中,通常運用在門禁等機密關卡中,但由於指紋位於人體表面,只要指紋樣本被他人採集,依然會被偽造。
- 靜脈辨識:是以人體中的手掌靜脈分佈作為樣本,因為手掌內的靜脈位於人體中,要偽造就需入侵資料庫中竊取樣本才有可能被偽造,而且不易受到外界因素的影響。
- 语音识别:每個人個聲音都有獨自的特色,利用個人的聲音特徵作為辨識,但容易受到外界因素的影響。
- 虹膜辨識:虹膜就是人類眼球中有色的部分,因為每個人的虹膜皆不同,且虹膜特徵不易改變,而且準確性較高,辨識方法及為快速,只要眼睛對著儀器頃刻間,就完成了辨識,方便又簡單,但依然可以偽造。
- DNA辨識:就是以生物獨有的DNA去做辨識,但步驟較繁雜,利用DNA辨識的地方多用於確認血緣關係等。
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